Bauman Megan M J, Piazza Amedeo, Torregrossa Fabio, Price Charles Wes, Morris Jonathan M, Leonel Luciano C P C, Peris-Celda Maria
Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Mayo Clinic Rhoton Neurosurgery and Otolaryngology Surgical Anatomy Program, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Anat Sci Educ. 2025 Jul;18(7):697-708. doi: 10.1002/ase.70062. Epub 2025 Jun 5.
Cadaveric dissections, which are considered the most realistic model to study neuroanatomy, are expensive and not readily available in all centers. Given the surge of technological advances, incorporation of three-dimensional (3D) scanning technologies and 3D models has gained popularity, both in the educational and clinical settings. We present our institutional experience in creating high-fidelity neuroanatomical 3D models using three 3D scanning techniques: structured light 3D scanning, "manual" photogrammetry with a single DSLR camera, and "automatic" photogrammetry using a scanner equipped with five vertically arranged DSLR cameras and an automatic turntable within a square box. A survey study was conducted with 20 neurosurgical residents to assess the quality of the three resulting 3D models. In the study, "manual" photogrammetry was determined to be the most cost-effective technique, while "automatic" photogrammetry was the most time-effective and user-friendly technique. The best visual quality was obtained using "manual" photogrammetry, as determined from survey results of 20 neurosurgical residents. While structured light 3D scanning had the lowest quality of resolution of the texture map, this technique was the most accurate to use for determining measurements, with a fixed accuracy of 0.05 mm. Overall, "manual" photogrammetry can allow for the most detailed 3D models and is the most cost-effective strategy, while structured light 3D scanning is most suitable for obtaining clinically relevant measurements given the high degree of structural accuracy. Alternatively, "automatic" photogrammetry can serve as a hybrid between obtaining relatively high-quality models in a time-effective and user-friendly manner.
尸体解剖被认为是研究神经解剖学最逼真的模型，但成本高昂，并非所有中心都能轻易获得。鉴于技术进步的激增，三维（3D）扫描技术和3D模型在教育和临床环境中都越来越受欢迎。我们介绍了我们机构使用三种3D扫描技术创建高保真神经解剖学3D模型的经验：结构光3D扫描、使用单台数码单反相机的“手动”摄影测量法，以及使用配备五台垂直排列的数码单反相机和一个位于方盒内的自动转盘的扫描仪的“自动”摄影测量法。我们对20名神经外科住院医师进行了一项调查研究，以评估三种生成的3D模型的质量。在该研究中，“手动”摄影测量法被确定为最具成本效益的技术，而“自动”摄影测量法是最节省时间且用户友好的技术。根据20名神经外科住院医师的调查结果，使用“手动”摄影测量法获得的视觉质量最佳。虽然结构光3D扫描的纹理图分辨率质量最低，但该技术用于确定测量值时最准确，固定精度为0.05毫米。总体而言，“手动”摄影测量法可以生成最详细的3D模型，是最具成本效益的策略，而结构光3D扫描鉴于其高度的结构准确性，最适合用于获取临床相关测量值。另外，“自动”摄影测量法可以作为一种以节省时间且用户友好的方式获得相对高质量模型的混合方法。
