Castro-Bastidas Héctor Alexis, Bucio-Pacheco Marcos, Serrano José Manuel, Aguillón-Gutiérrez David Ramiro
Posgrado en Ciencias Aplicadas al Aprovechamiento de los Recursos Naturales, Centro de Estudios "Justo Sierra" (CEJUS), Badiraguato, 80600, Sinaloa, Mexico.
Departamento de Información y Bibliografía Especializada, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, 80013, Sinaloa, Mexico.
Environ Monit Assess. 2025 Jun 5;197(7):734. doi: 10.1007/s10661-025-14157-5.
The data on the incidence and diversity of anomalies in amphibian populations in Mexico are primarily derived from opportunistic observations, which pose challenges for conducting comparisons and monitoring long-term trends. In this study, we document new cases of morphological anomalies in amphibians from the Sierra Madre Occidental and provide a systematic bibliographic review of reported cases across Mexico. During the 2023 rainy season, we conducted surveys in Surutato, Sinaloa, documenting nine cases of morphological anomalies, including the first documented case of dyscoria in the country. The bibliographic review covered 34 sources and identified 31 types of anomalies, with the family Ambystomatidae being the most affected. We observed significant ambiguity in the terminology used across reports, which hinders data comparability. To address this issue, we propose promoting a standardized approach to the description and classification of anomalies. Based on the available data, we estimate a national mean anomaly frequency of 18.43% in amphibians, which can serve as a preliminary benchmark for future studies. The most commonly identified causes of anomalies include agrochemical pollution and parasitism; however, in 37% of the cases, no specific cause could be determined. These findings underscore the importance of standardizing anomaly reports, as they can serve as valuable early indicators of environmental degradation.
墨西哥两栖动物种群异常的发生率和多样性数据主要来自机会性观察,这给进行比较和监测长期趋势带来了挑战。在本研究中,我们记录了来自西马德雷山脉的两栖动物形态异常的新案例,并对墨西哥各地报告的案例进行了系统的文献综述。在2023年雨季期间,我们在锡那罗亚州的苏鲁塔托进行了调查,记录了9例形态异常案例,包括该国首例记录在案的瞳孔异常案例。文献综述涵盖了34个来源,确定了31种异常类型,其中钝口螈科受影响最大。我们观察到各报告中使用的术语存在明显歧义,这妨碍了数据的可比性。为解决这一问题,我们建议推广一种标准化的异常描述和分类方法。根据现有数据,我们估计全国两栖动物异常的平均发生率为18.43%,这可作为未来研究的初步基准。最常确定的异常原因包括农用化学品污染和寄生虫感染;然而,在37%的案例中,无法确定具体原因。这些发现强调了标准化异常报告的重要性,因为它们可作为环境退化的宝贵早期指标。