Bhandari Rudra B, Chaudhry Nidhi
Department of Yoga Science, University of Patanjali, Haridwar, India.
Department of Yoga Science, University of Patanjali, Haridwar, India.
J Ayurveda Integr Med. 2025 Jun 4;16(3):101122. doi: 10.1016/j.jaim.2024.101122.
In his Yoga Sutras, Patanjali delineates the principles, processes, practices, and impediments of personal excellence (PE). Unlike Patanjali's perspective, existing conceptualizations and measures of PE are centered on quantifying well-being, leadership effectiveness, professional competence, academic and sports performance, and motivation. However, no yoga-based operationalized model or measure of PE exists to date.
This study aimed to develop and validate a novel self-report yogic personal excellence inventory (YPEI) with constructs derived from the PYS.
The research was conducted in three rigorous phases to establish YPEI's reliability and validity. Firstly, the YPEI's items were framed and validated for their content by ten experts. Secondly, the first draft of the YPEI was administered to 721 participants for exploratory factor analysis (EFA). The YPEI was then administered to 364 participants to confirm the explored factor structure. Lastly, YPEI's inter-instrument convergent and discriminant validity were assessed by computing correlation with three criteria measures-the vikruti subdosha questionnaire, the vedic personality inventory, and the personal efficacy scale.
The model was a good fit with eight factors (psychic incompetence, attachment, despair, existential thinking, somatic illness, laziness, indulgence, and instability). As hypothesized, PE was positively associated with personal efficacy and vedic personality but negatively with vikruti. YPEI will be applicable to measure the psychic and physical morbidities and comorbidities of healthy/unhealthy individuals and prescribe the required personalized bio-psycho-socio-spiritual protocol to minimize them and maximize PE.
帕坦伽利在其《瑜伽经》中阐述了个人卓越（PE）的原则、过程、实践和障碍。与帕坦伽利的观点不同，现有的个人卓越概念和衡量标准集中在量化幸福感、领导效能、专业能力、学术和体育表现以及动机上。然而，迄今为止，尚无基于瑜伽的可操作的个人卓越模型或衡量标准。
本研究旨在开发并验证一种新颖的自我报告式瑜伽个人卓越量表（YPEI），其结构源自瑜伽经系统（PYS）。
该研究分三个严格阶段进行，以确立YPEI的信度和效度。首先，YPEI的条目由十位专家拟定并进行内容效度验证。其次，YPEI初稿施测于721名参与者进行探索性因素分析（EFA）。随后，YPEI施测于364名参与者以确认所探索的因素结构。最后，通过计算与三项标准测量工具——vikruti子 dosha问卷、吠陀人格量表和个人效能感量表的相关性，评估YPEI的工具间收敛效度和区分效度。
该模型与八个因素（心理无能、依恋、绝望、存在性思维、躯体疾病、懒惰、放纵和不稳定）拟合良好。如假设所示，个人卓越与个人效能感和吠陀人格呈正相关，但与vikruti呈负相关。YPEI将适用于测量健康/不健康个体的心理和身体疾病及共病情况，并制定所需的个性化生物 - 心理 - 社会 - 精神方案，以尽量减少这些问题并最大化个人卓越。
