Hosseini Saman, Sharifi Rouhallah, Habibi Alireza
Department of Plant Protection, College Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
Faculty of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jun 5;15(1):19852. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-05035-8.
Soil contamination by crude oil is a common occurrence during accidental spills, transportation, or refining processes. Bioremediation as an environmentally friendly and cost-effective approach is interesting for treating hydrocarbon-contaminated sites via natural microorganisms to break down or transform the hydrocarbons into less toxic substances. However, the bioremediation process is time-consuming due to the low accessibility of cells to hydrocarbon contaminants in soil. Applying hydrocarbon degraders with the capability to produce biosurfactants during the hydrocarbon degradation pathways could significantly handle the problem. In this study, a bacterial consortium consists Roseomonas aestuarii, Pseudomonas oryzihabitans, Pantoea agglomerans, and Arthrobacter sp. was evaluated for crude oil removal from the aqueous environment and soil microcosm. To examine the effect of supplementary biosurfactants in the bioremediation process, surfactin and rhamnolipid (ratio 1:1) were used at a concentration of 1000 ppm. Our findings indicate the consortium has high potential in removing saturated hydrocarbons from aqueous (removal yield = 96.16% after 9 days) and soil (removal yield = 64.65% after 120 days) environments. The consortium had a significantly higher removal efficiency than the single-cell treatments, possibly due to the species' synergistic effect. The GC-MS analysis confirmed a uniform removal of different molecular weight hydrocarbons by the consortium from soil. However, adding supplementary biosurfactants showed a slight modification in the consortium's performance after 120 days in soil microcosms (removal yield for saturated hydrocarbons was 65.97%). This study showed the potential application of this in-situ producing biosurfactant consortium for bioremediation purposes.
在原油意外泄漏、运输或精炼过程中，土壤被原油污染是常见现象。生物修复作为一种环境友好且经济高效的方法，通过天然微生物处理碳氢化合物污染场地，将碳氢化合物分解或转化为毒性较小的物质，因而备受关注。然而，由于土壤中细胞对碳氢化合物污染物的可及性较低，生物修复过程耗时较长。应用在碳氢化合物降解途径中能够产生生物表面活性剂的碳氢化合物降解菌，可以显著解决这一问题。在本研究中，对一个由河口玫瑰单胞菌、栖稻假单胞菌、成团泛菌和节杆菌组成的细菌联合体进行了从水环境和土壤微观环境中去除原油的评估。为了检验补充生物表面活性剂在生物修复过程中的效果，使用了浓度为1000 ppm的表面活性素和鼠李糖脂（比例为1:1）。我们的研究结果表明，该联合体在从水相（9天后去除率 = 96.16%）和土壤（120天后去除率 = 64.65%）环境中去除饱和烃方面具有很高的潜力。该联合体的去除效率明显高于单细胞处理组，这可能是由于这些菌种的协同作用。气相色谱 - 质谱分析证实，该联合体从土壤中均匀去除了不同分子量的碳氢化合物。然而，在土壤微观环境中120天后，添加补充生物表面活性剂显示该联合体的性能略有改变（饱和烃去除率为65.97%）。本研究展示了这种原位产生生物表面活性剂的联合体在生物修复方面的潜在应用。
