Linka Marcel, Karimpur Harun, de Haas Benjamin
Experimental Psychology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
Nat Hum Behav. 2025 Jun 5. doi: 10.1038/s41562-025-02191-9.
How does scene viewing develop? Previous evidence is limited and suggests that viewing behaviour may be adult-like from about eight years old. Here we present data from n = 6,720 participants from 5 to 72 years old, freely viewing 40 natural scenes. We found that the development of scene viewing is surprisingly protracted. Semantic salience for social features continuously changes until adolescence, and text salience increases over the first two decades of life. Basic oculomotor biases towards the image centre and along the horizontal meridian develop until adolescence, matching developmental changes in visual sensitivity and cortex. Finally, while the tendency for visual exploration continuously increases, fixation patterns become less idiosyncratic and more canonical throughout adolescence. These findings show that fundamental aspects of adult gaze take up to two decades of continuous development and push individuals towards more canonical viewing patterns. We suggest that development is key to understanding the general mechanisms of active vision.
场景观看是如何发展的？先前的证据有限，表明观看行为在大约8岁时可能就类似成年人。在此，我们展示了来自6720名年龄在5岁至72岁之间的参与者的数据，他们自由观看40个自然场景。我们发现场景观看的发展出奇地漫长。社会特征的语义显著性在青春期前持续变化，而文本显著性在生命的前二十年中增加。朝向图像中心和沿水平子午线的基本眼动偏向在青春期前发展，与视觉敏感度和皮层的发育变化相匹配。最后，虽然视觉探索的倾向持续增加，但在整个青春期，注视模式变得不那么特异，更加规范。这些发现表明，成年人注视的基本方面需要长达二十年的持续发展，并促使个体形成更规范的观看模式。我们认为，发展是理解主动视觉一般机制的关键。
