Li Tao, Lian Zihe, Lin Yuzhi, Gesang Quzhen, Tao Liyuan, Fan Rui, Liu Pan, Meilang Qucuo, Yan Yan
Department of Otolaryngology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jun 5;15(1):19733. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-96553-y.
To study Tibetan and Han adult male patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) in two hospitals in Tibet Plateau and Beijing Plain, and to explore the clinical characteristics of adult male OSAS patients in Tibet Plateau. 100 and 86 adult male OSAS patients diagnosed by Polysomnography (PSG) in Tibet Autonomous Region People's Hospital and Peking University Third Hospital from April 2017 to October 2021 were retrospectively analyzed, and the following data were collected: Age, neck circumference, Body Mass Index (BMI), blood pressure, Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI), proportion of N2 stage and REM stage, lowest oxygen saturation at night (LSpO2), etc. The differences between the two groups were analyzed. There were no statistical differences in age distribution (non-obese patients, BMI < 28 kg/m2), BMI, blood pressure, AHI, N2 stage, and AHI of mild and moderate OSAS patients between the two places. The age of obese patients (BMI ≥ 28 kg/m2) in plateau area (47 ± 12.7, n = 54) was higher than that in plain area (40.6 ± 8.2, n = 42, P < 0.05). The neck circumference (39.6 ± 4.4, n = 100) of patients from Tibet Plateau was significantly lower than that of patients from Beijing area (42 ± 2.7, n = 86, P < 0.05), the proportion of patients with history of hypertension (52.5%) was significantly higher than that of patients from Beijing area (37.2%), and the REM period (18.1 ± 7.3, n = 100) was significantly higher than that in patients treated in Beijing area (11.7 ± 6.2, n = 86, P < 0.05), and LSpO2 at night [66% (50-72%)] was significantly lower than that in patients treated in Beijing area [79% (65-85%), P < 0.05]. Among patients with severe OSAS in two places, the disease severity of patients in Tibet Plateau area [AHI = 62 (45.5-90.3)] was significantly higher than that in Beijing plain area [AHI = 53.8 (38.4-67), P < 0.05]. 96% of patients treated in the Tibetan plateau had LSpO2 below 80%, while 51% of patients treated in the Beijing Plain had LSpO2 below 80%. In plateau patients, BMI (OR = 1.242, 95% CI1.051-1.468) was an independent risk factor for AHI ≥ 15 times/h. There are differences in many clinical features between male Tibetan OSAS patients in Tibetan plateau hospitals and male Han OSAS patients in Beijing Plain hospitals. Compared with plain patients, plateau patients had smaller neck circumference, lower LaSO2, higher REM period and higher history of hypertension. Overall, the severity of the disease was higher in plateau patients than in plain patients. For Tibetan plateau men, BMI and neck circumference were independent risk factors for moderate to severe OSAS and could be used as predictors of OSAS severity.
为研究青藏高原和北京平原两地的藏族和汉族成年男性阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（OSAS）患者，探索青藏高原成年男性OSAS患者的临床特征。回顾性分析了2017年4月至2021年10月在西藏自治区人民医院和北京大学第三医院经多导睡眠图（PSG）诊断的100例和86例成年男性OSAS患者，并收集了以下数据：年龄、颈围、体重指数（BMI）、血压、呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）、N2期和快速眼动（REM）期比例、夜间最低血氧饱和度（LSpO2）等。分析两组之间的差异。两地非肥胖患者（BMI＜28kg/m2）的年龄分布、BMI、血压、AHI、N2期以及轻度和中度OSAS患者的AHI无统计学差异。高原地区肥胖患者（BMI≥28kg/m2）的年龄（47±12.7，n = 54）高于平原地区（40.6±8.2，n = 42，P＜0.05）。青藏高原患者的颈围（39.6±4.4，n = 100）显著低于北京地区患者（42±2.7，n = 86，P＜0.05），高血压病史患者的比例（52.5%）显著高于北京地区患者（37.2%），REM期（18.1±7.3，n = 100）显著高于在北京地区治疗的患者（11.7±6.2，n = 86，P＜0.05），夜间LSpO2[66%（50 - 72%）]显著低于在北京地区治疗的患者[79%（65 - 85%），P＜0.05]。两地重度OSAS患者中，青藏高原地区患者的疾病严重程度[AHI = 62（45.5 - 90.3）]显著高于北京平原地区[AHI = 53.8（38.4 - 67），P＜0.05]。在青藏高原接受治疗的患者中，96%的患者LSpO2低于80%，而在北京平原接受治疗的患者中，51%的患者LSpO2低于80%。在高原患者中，BMI（OR = 1.242，95%CI1.051 - 1.468）是AHI≥15次/小时的独立危险因素。青藏高原医院的藏族男性OSAS患者与北京平原医院的汉族男性OSAS患者在许多临床特征上存在差异。与平原患者相比，高原患者颈围更小、LaSO2更低、REM期更高且高血压病史更高。总体而言，高原患者的疾病严重程度高于平原患者。对于青藏高原男性，BMI和颈围是中度至重度OSAS的独立危险因素，可作为OSAS严重程度的预测指标。
