Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell Lenox Hill Hospital, 100 East 77th Street, 4 East, New York, NY 10075, USA.
Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell Lenox Hill Hospital, 100 East 77th Street, 4 East, New York, NY 10075, USA.
Clin Geriatr Med. 2021 Aug;37(3):469-481. doi: 10.1016/j.cger.2021.04.009. Epub 2021 Jun 4.
Central sleep apnea (CSA) is characterized by intermittent repetitive cessation and/or decreased breathing without effort caused by an abnormal ventilatory drive. Although less prevalent than obstructive sleep apnea, it is frequently encountered. CSA can be primary (idiopathic) or secondary in association with Cheyne-Stokes respiration, drug-induced, medical conditions such as chronic renal failure, or high-altitude periodic breathing. Risk factors have been proposed, including gender, age, heart failure, opioid use, stroke, and other chronic medical conditions. This article discusses the prevalence of CSA in the general population and within each of these at-risk populations, and clinical presentation, diagnostic methods, and treatment.
中枢性睡眠呼吸暂停（CSA）的特征是呼吸驱动异常导致间歇性反复停止和/或呼吸减弱而无需用力。尽管不如阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停常见，但它经常发生。CSA 可以是原发性（特发性）或继发性的，与 Cheyne-Stokes 呼吸、药物诱导、慢性肾衰竭等医学状况或高原周期性呼吸有关。已经提出了一些危险因素，包括性别、年龄、心力衰竭、阿片类药物使用、中风和其他慢性医学状况。本文讨论了 CSA 在一般人群中的患病率以及在这些高危人群中的患病率，以及临床表现、诊断方法和治疗。
