Mohajeri Sahar, Fathi Erdi Aytak, Yaghoubi Hashem
Department of Chemistry, Ard.C., Islamic Azad University, Ardabil, Iran.
Department of Biology, Ard.C., Islamic Azad University, Ardabil, Iran.
Mol Biotechnol. 2025 Jun 5. doi: 10.1007/s12033-025-01454-0.
Cationic polymers are positively charged polymers that have a high ability to electrostatically interact with negatively charged species, including nucleic acids. This property has led to the use of these polymers in various fields, including targeted drug delivery. In this study, biocompatible polyspermine-polyethylene glycol (PEG)-glucose (PSPG) nanoparticles were synthesized for DNA delivery to MCF-7 cells. Structural characterization was performed via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (HNMR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential thermal gravimetric (DTG) methods. The DNA-loaded nanoparticles exhibited a spherical morphology with smooth surfaces, as confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Dynamic light scattering (DLS) revealed a particle size of 267 ± 10 nm and a surface charge of + 13.4 ± 1.3 mV. DNA release from PSPG was pH dependent, increasing at acidic pH (5.0, cancer cells) compared with physiological pH (7.4). The biocompatibility assessed via MTT demonstrated high gene transfer efficiency with minimal cytotoxicity. Agarose gel electrophoresis confirmed the protection of the DNA against enzymatic degradation. Gene delivery to MCF-7 cells was validated via fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry, confirming successful transfection. These findings highlight the potential of polyspermine-PEG-glucose nanoparticles as efficient DNA carriers for targeted cancer therapy.
阳离子聚合物是带正电荷的聚合物，具有与带负电荷的物质（包括核酸）发生静电相互作用的高能力。这一特性使得这些聚合物在包括靶向药物递送在内的各个领域得到应用。在本研究中，合成了生物相容性聚精胺 - 聚乙二醇（PEG） - 葡萄糖（PSPG）纳米颗粒用于将DNA递送至MCF - 7细胞。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、氢核磁共振光谱（HNMR）、热重分析（TGA）和差示热重（DTG）方法进行结构表征。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和透射电子显微镜（TEM）证实，负载DNA的纳米颗粒呈现表面光滑的球形形态。动态光散射（DLS）显示粒径为267±10 nm，表面电荷为 +13.4±1.3 mV。PSPG释放DNA具有pH依赖性，与生理pH（7.4）相比，在酸性pH（5.0，癌细胞）下释放增加。通过MTT评估的生物相容性表明基因转移效率高且细胞毒性最小。琼脂糖凝胶电泳证实DNA受到酶降解的保护。通过荧光显微镜和流式细胞术验证了向MCF - 7细胞的基因递送，确认了成功转染。这些发现突出了聚精胺 - PEG - 葡萄糖纳米颗粒作为靶向癌症治疗的有效DNA载体的潜力。
