Alves Kayo Costa, da Hora Sales Pedro Henrique, de Barros Silva Paulo Goberlânio, Mousinho Kristiana Cerqueira
Postgraduate Program in Health Research, CESMAC University Center, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil.
School of Dentistry, CESMAC University Center, R. Cônego Machado, 984, Maceió, Maceió, Alagoas, 57051-160, Brazil.
Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2025 Jun 6;29(1):119. doi: 10.1007/s10006-025-01415-6.
Surgery to remove lower third molars is usually associated with events such as pain, swelling and trismus, thus increasing postoperative morbidity. The control of these signs and symptoms is essential for a quick recovery of the patient.
The objective of this study was to determine whether acupuncture is effective in controlling pain in lower third molar surgeries.
A systematic review was carried out by two independent researchers and the selection of studies took place according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria previously established. The main outcome measure was the analysis of pain in the postoperative period. Data analysis included risk of bias assessment (RoB 2 Cochrane) and meta-analysis with heterogeneity based on random effects I² and 95% confidence.
In the initial results, 717 articles were found, and 6 studies were selected for analysis in this review. The results of the meta-analysis showed that there was a significant reduction in pain scores after 2 h (p < 0.001), 18 h (p = 0.008), 24 h (p < 0.001), 48 h (< 0.001) and 72 h (p < 0.001) in favor of the acupuncture group.
According to the results of this study, acupuncture has shown an effective result in reducing pain, however due to the heterogeneity of studies and the low level of evidence, it is not possible to determine whether acupuncture is a viable method for pain control after lower third molar surgery. New standardized and controlled studies are needed to confirm the efficacy of this therapy.
拔除下颌第三磨牙的手术通常会伴随疼痛、肿胀和牙关紧闭等情况，从而增加术后发病率。控制这些体征和症状对于患者的快速康复至关重要。
本研究的目的是确定针刺疗法在控制下颌第三磨牙手术疼痛方面是否有效。
由两名独立研究人员进行系统评价，并根据先前制定的纳入和排除标准选择研究。主要结局指标是术后疼痛分析。数据分析包括偏倚风险评估（RoB 2 Cochrane）和基于随机效应I²和95%置信区间的异质性荟萃分析。
在初步检索结果中，共找到717篇文章，本评价选取了6项研究进行分析。荟萃分析结果显示，针刺组在术后2小时（p < 0.001）、18小时（p = 0.008）、24小时（p < 0.001）、48小时（< 0.001）和72小时（p < 0.001）时疼痛评分显著降低。
根据本研究结果，针刺疗法在减轻疼痛方面显示出有效结果，但由于研究的异质性和证据水平较低，无法确定针刺疗法是否是下颌第三磨牙手术后控制疼痛的可行方法。需要新的标准化和对照研究来证实这种疗法的疗效。
