Faleiro Rodrigo, Tessmer Magda Andreia, Santo Pereira Anderson Espirito, Fraceto Leonardo Fernandes, Rampasso Marcelle Sanches, Miranda Marcela Trevenzoli, Pissolato Maria Dolores, Cassola Fábio, Ribeiro Rafael Vasconcelos, Mayer Juliana Lischka Sampaio
Departamento de Botánica, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autómoma de México, Circuito Zona Deportiva, Ciudad UniversitariaCoyoacán, Mexico City, México.
Laboratório de Anatomia Vegetal, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brasil.
BMC Plant Biol. 2025 Jun 5;25(1):768. doi: 10.1186/s12870-025-06539-1.
Polymeric nanoparticles have emerged as promising nanocarriers for plant growth regulators (PGRs) in agriculture, enhancing plant growth and boosting fruit and cereal yields. Among these, lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) stand out due to their biodegradability and low production cost. However, few studies have evaluated the biological effects of LNPs encapsulating PGRs - particularly their dose-dependent impacts across the entire plant life cycle. Therefore, our study aims to evaluate the efficiency of lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) encapsulating indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) compared with free application of the hormone. We employed a multidisciplinary approach to comprehensively assess the impacts of different LNPs-IAA concentrations. Germination tests and morphometric analyses were conducted, along with anatomical analyses of seeds, seedlings, and vegetative organs using light microscopy. Confocal microscopy analyses to examine LNP uptake and translocation. Additionally, leaf gas exchange parameters and photosynthetic pigment levels were measured. The lignin nanoparticles were also characterized in terms of length, polydispersity index, zeta potential and encapsulation efficiency. All variables were subjected to normality tests, variance analysis, and post-hoc tests. Structural analysis revealed that LNP application did not alter overall plant anatomy architecture, except for inducing differences in xylem area among vegetative organs. Additionally, LNPs were rapidly absorbed by seeds in less than 5 h and were transported exclusively via the apoplastic pathway. The composition of lignin nanoparticles influenced germination rates and time. Application with lower concentrations showed minimal statistical significance, whereas higher concentrations exhibited phytotoxic effects. Thus, our study highlights the critical importance of optimizing nanocarrier concentrations for plant growth enhancement, demonstrating that lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) represent a promising nanoformulation for bioactive compound encapsulation.
聚合物纳米颗粒已成为农业中植物生长调节剂（PGR）的有前途的纳米载体，可促进植物生长并提高水果和谷物产量。其中，木质素纳米颗粒（LNP）因其可生物降解性和低生产成本而脱颖而出。然而，很少有研究评估包裹PGR的LNP的生物学效应——特别是它们在整个植物生命周期中的剂量依赖性影响。因此，我们的研究旨在评估包裹吲哚-3-乙酸（IAA）的木质素纳米颗粒（LNP）与游离激素施用相比的效率。我们采用多学科方法全面评估不同LNP-IAA浓度的影响。进行了发芽试验和形态计量分析，并使用光学显微镜对种子、幼苗和营养器官进行了解剖分析。通过共聚焦显微镜分析来检查LNP的吸收和转运。此外，还测量了叶片气体交换参数和光合色素水平。还对木质素纳米颗粒的长度、多分散指数、zeta电位和包封效率进行了表征。所有变量均进行正态性检验、方差分析和事后检验。结构分析表明，施用LNP不会改变植物的整体解剖结构，除了在营养器官中诱导木质部面积的差异。此外，LNP在不到5小时内被种子迅速吸收，并仅通过质外体途径运输。木质素纳米颗粒的组成影响发芽率和时间。较低浓度的施用显示出最小的统计学意义，而较高浓度则表现出植物毒性作用。因此，我们的研究强调了优化纳米载体浓度以促进植物生长的至关重要性，表明木质素纳米颗粒（LNP）是一种有前途的生物活性化合物包封纳米制剂。
