Fernández Lorena Fernández, Rodríguez-Gude Clara, de Oliveira Iris M
Departamento Bioloxía funcional e ciencias da saúde, Universidade de Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain.
Physiother Res Int. 2025 Jul;30(3):e70078. doi: 10.1002/pri.70078.
Thoracic hyperkyphosis is characterised by an increase in the normal angle of the thoracic kyphosis. Several factors make adolescents and young adults a potential risk group for postural hyperkyphosis. Among the treatment options, therapeutic exercise allows patients to take an active role, providing a number of beneficial effects. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the scientific evidence on the efficacy of therapeutic exercise for hyperkyphosis in adolescents and young adults.
A search in six databases (PubMed, Medline, PEDro, Scopus, SPORTDiscus and ENFISPO) was performed during January and February 2023, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA).
Nine randomised clinical trials were analysed. Regarding methodological quality, four studies were of fair quality and five were of good quality. In all studies, a significant improvement in thoracic kyphosis angle was obtained. In addition, improvements were found in different aspects related to hyperkyphosis, such as lumbar lordosis angle, balance, quality of life and pain, among others.
Therapeutic exercise appears to be effective in the management of hyperkyphosis in adolescents and young adults. However, many variables related to hyperkyphosis are not subject to primary evaluation and the quality of the evidence found is fair to good.
胸椎后凸畸形的特征是胸椎后凸的正常角度增加。多种因素使青少年和年轻人成为姿势性胸椎后凸畸形的潜在风险群体。在治疗选择中，治疗性运动让患者发挥积极作用，并带来诸多有益效果。本系统评价的目的是评估治疗性运动对青少年和年轻人胸椎后凸畸形疗效的科学证据。
2023年1月和2月期间，按照系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA），在六个数据库（PubMed、Medline、PEDro、Scopus、SPORTDiscus和ENFISPO）中进行了检索。
分析了九项随机临床试验。在方法学质量方面，四项研究质量一般，五项研究质量良好。在所有研究中，胸椎后凸角度均有显著改善。此外，在与胸椎后凸畸形相关的不同方面也有改善，如腰椎前凸角度、平衡、生活质量和疼痛等。
治疗性运动似乎对青少年和年轻人胸椎后凸畸形的管理有效。然而，许多与胸椎后凸畸形相关的变量未进行初步评估，所发现证据的质量为一般到良好。
