Lewicka Małgorzata, Korzeniowska-Dyl Irmina, Moczulski Dariusz, Woźniak-Kosek Agnieszka, Zawadzka Magdalena, Henrykowska Gabriela
Epidemiology and Public Health Department, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
Department of Internal Medicine and Nephrodiabetology, University Clinical Hospital No. 2 of the Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
Acta Biochim Pol. 2025 May 22;72:14569. doi: 10.3389/abp.2025.14569. eCollection 2025.
Epidemiological analysis of medical data of patients with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and disease complications treated in hospital.
A retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted on records from 306 patients with type 1 diabetes (180 men and 126 women). The study analyzed demographic, clinical, and biological data, focusing on associations between Hashimoto's disease, neuropathy, and retinopathy using k-means clustering.
Hypertension was present in 28.8%, Hashimoto's disease in 17.6%, retinopathy in 17.6%, neuropathy in 8.2%. Multivariate logistic regression showed that the chance of retinopathy more than doubles with the coexistence of hypertension (OR 2.096, 95% Cl: 1.035-4.248) and this chance increases by 4.5% with each year of age compared to the previous year (OR 1.045, 95% Cl: 1.011-1.080). The risk of neuropathy increases by 10.8% with each year since diabetes diagnosis compared to the previous year (OR = 1.108, 95% Cl: 1.062-1.156) and the chance of this disease rises by 17.6% with each year of diabetes duration compared to the previous year (OR 1.176, 95% Cl: 1.092-1.267). Clustering was strongest in patients without comorbidities (66.3%). Only 2.3% had Hashimoto's disease and retinopathy, 3.59% had retinopathy and neuropathy, and just 1.3% had all three conditions.
Patient age, duration of diabetes, and the presence of hypertension are key risk factors for diabetes-related complication.
对1型糖尿病（T1DM）患者及其住院治疗的疾病并发症的医学数据进行流行病学分析。
对306例1型糖尿病患者（180例男性和126例女性）的记录进行回顾性横断面研究。该研究分析了人口统计学、临床和生物学数据，使用k均值聚类法重点研究桥本氏病、神经病变和视网膜病变之间的关联。
高血压患者占28.8%，桥本氏病患者占17.6%，视网膜病变患者占17.6%，神经病变患者占8.2%。多因素逻辑回归分析显示，高血压并存时视网膜病变的发生几率增加一倍多（比值比2.096，95%置信区间：1.035 - 4.248），与上一年相比，每年年龄增长会使这种几率增加4.5%（比值比1.045，95%置信区间：1.011 - 1.080）。与上一年相比，自糖尿病诊断以来每年神经病变风险增加10.8%（比值比 = 1.108，95%置信区间：1.062 - 1.156），与上一年相比，糖尿病病程每增加一年该疾病的发生几率增加17.6%（比值比1.176，95%置信区间：1.092 - 1.267）。无合并症患者的聚类情况最为明显（66.3%）。仅有2.3%的患者同时患有桥本氏病和视网膜病变，3.59%的患者同时患有视网膜病变和神经病变，仅有1.3%的患者三种情况都有。
患者年龄、糖尿病病程以及高血压的存在是糖尿病相关并发症的关键危险因素。
