Llorente-González Clara, Mustafina Kamila, Talayero Vanessa C, Asensio-Juárez Gloria, Garrido-Casado Marina, Sellers James R, Chinthalapudi Krishna, Wiseman Paul W, Heissler Sarah M, Vicente-Manzanares Miguel
Molecular Mechanisms Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer/ Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
bioRxiv. 2025 May 21:2025.05.20.654665. doi: 10.1101/2025.05.20.654665.
Mutations in the gene, which encodes the actin-based molecular motor non-muscle myosin II-A (NM2-A), cause a group of blood disorders termed -related diseases (-RD). While correlation between genotype and phenotype is not well characterized at a molecular level, motor mutations seem to cause more severe phenotypes than tail mutations. Motor domain mutation N93K, previously described as activity-impairing, causes in fact an almost non-significant defect on motor function in vitro. Conversely, it increases NM2-A filament stability and interaction with the myosin chaperone UNC45a in stress fiber-forming cells. This also alters its subcellular localization and effect on adhesion dynamics. Similar cellular effects are observed in cells expressing NM2-A E1841K, a prototypical tail mutation. In cells devoid of stress fibers such as megakaryocytes, NM2-A N93K forms large, amorphous, concentration-dependent aggregates that also contain wild type NM2-A and UNC45a. Conversely, NM2-A E1841K forms concentration-independent aggregates that exclude wild type NM2-A and UNC45a. Our data shows that the N93K mutation reduces the fraction of functional cellular NM2-A by enhancing the stability of NM2-A filaments and/or promoting protein aggregation together with wild type NM2-A. Conversely, NM2-A E1841K form aggregates that do not affect wild type NM2-A. These observations are consistent with the molecular severity observed in primary cells from patients of these genotypes.
编码基于肌动蛋白的分子马达非肌肉肌球蛋白II-A(NM2-A)的基因发生突变,会导致一组称为相关疾病(-RD)的血液疾病。虽然基因型与表型之间的相关性在分子水平上尚未得到很好的表征,但马达结构域突变似乎比尾部突变导致更严重的表型。先前被描述为损害活性的马达结构域突变N93K,实际上在体外对马达功能造成的缺陷几乎不显著。相反,它增加了NM2-A细丝的稳定性以及在应力纤维形成细胞中与肌球蛋白伴侣UNC45a的相互作用。这也改变了其亚细胞定位以及对黏附动力学的影响。在表达NM2-A E1841K(一种典型的尾部突变)的细胞中观察到类似的细胞效应。在没有应力纤维的细胞(如巨核细胞)中,NM2-A N93K形成大的、无定形的、浓度依赖性聚集体,其中也包含野生型NM2-A和UNC45a。相反,NM2-A E1841K形成不依赖浓度的聚集体,排除了野生型NM2-A和UNC45a。我们的数据表明,N93K突变通过增强NM2-A细丝的稳定性和/或与野生型NM2-A一起促进蛋白质聚集,降低了功能性细胞NM2-A的比例。相反,NM2-A E1841K形成的聚集体不影响野生型NM2-A。这些观察结果与这些基因型患者原代细胞中观察到的分子严重程度一致。
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