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[安全与自由之间的权衡]

[The Trade-Off Between Security and Freedom].

作者信息

Lasarov Wassili

机构信息

Professur für Marketing, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Westring 425, 24118 Kiel, Deutschland.

出版信息

HMD Prax Wirtsch Inform. 2021;58(2):377-394. doi: 10.1365/s40702-020-00646-3. Epub 2020 Aug 6.

Abstract

One of the major challenges in slowing the spread of the coronavirus is that covid-19 may be contagious before symptoms are noticeable. For this reason, the German government launched a corona tracing app ("Corona-Warn-App"). Contact tracing for COVID-19 requires identifying people who may have been exposed to COVID-19 and following them up daily for 14 days from the last point of exposure. Therefore, the app warns users if they might have been in close contact with COVID-19-infected individuals. When systematically applied, contact tracing will break the chains of transmission of COVID-19 and is an essential public health tool for controlling the virus. The German corona tracing app has been discussed in public, particularly as many people have strong privacy concerns. Furthermore, many people questioned the effectiveness of the tracing-app (e.g., as many older people are not willing or capable of using the app). The present study sheds light on current research on individual privacy concerns in light of the launch of the corona tracing app. Building on this, the author presents psychological determinants of individual privacy concerns that have been discussed in research so far. The author analyses in a qualitative study 967 reader comments to determine whether the previously identified individual determinants are relevant in the case of the Corona-Warn-App. The results confirm that three categories in particular are relevant in this context: The functional utility of the app (37% of codings), data protection, privacy, transparency and trust (26%) and the influence of the social environment (8%). Finally, implications for further research are derived.

摘要

减缓新冠病毒传播的主要挑战之一是,新冠病毒在症状明显之前可能就具有传染性。因此,德国政府推出了一款新冠病毒追踪应用程序(“Corona-Warn-App”)。新冠病毒的接触者追踪需要识别可能接触过新冠病毒的人,并从最后一次接触点开始对他们进行为期14天的每日跟踪。因此,如果用户可能与感染新冠病毒的人有过密切接触,该应用程序就会发出警告。系统地应用接触者追踪将打破新冠病毒的传播链,是控制该病毒的一项重要公共卫生工具。德国的新冠病毒追踪应用程序一直是公众讨论的话题,尤其是因为许多人对隐私问题极为关注。此外,许多人质疑追踪应用程序的有效性(例如,许多老年人不愿意或无法使用该应用程序)。本研究根据新冠病毒追踪应用程序的推出,揭示了当前关于个人隐私问题的研究情况。在此基础上,作者介绍了迄今为止研究中讨论过的个人隐私问题的心理决定因素。作者在一项定性研究中分析了967条读者评论,以确定先前确定的个人决定因素在新冠病毒警告应用程序的情况下是否相关。结果证实,在这种情况下,尤其有三类因素是相关的:应用程序的功能效用(37%的编码)、数据保护、隐私、透明度和信任(26%)以及社会环境的影响(8%)。最后,得出了对进一步研究的启示。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/304d/7410009/80793fa7427e/40702_2020_646_Fig1_HTML.jpg

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