Zhu Airu, Chen Zhao, Wang Yanqun, Zeng Qiuhui, Sun Jing, Zhuang Zhen, Li Fang, Zhao Jingxian, Zhao Jincun, Zhong Nanshan
State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China.
Fundam Res. 2021 Mar;1(2):124-130. doi: 10.1016/j.fmre.2021.03.001. Epub 2021 Mar 3.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) represents a major public health threat worldwide. Insight into protective and pathogenic aspects of SARS-CoV-2 immune responses is critical to work out effective therapeutics and develop vaccines for controlling the disease. Here, we review the present literature describing the innate and adaptive immune responses including innate immune cells, cytokine responses, antibody responses and T cell responses against SARS-CoV-2 in human infection, as well as in AEC2-humanized mouse infection. We also summarize the now known and unknown about the role of the SARS-CoV-2 immune responses. By better understanding the mechanisms that drive the immune responses, we can tailor treatment strategies at specific disease stages and improve our response to this worldwide public health threat.
由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）引起的2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行是全球主要的公共卫生威胁。深入了解SARS-CoV-2免疫反应的保护性和致病性方面对于制定有效的治疗方法和开发控制该疾病的疫苗至关重要。在此，我们综述了目前描述针对人类感染以及AEC2人源化小鼠感染中SARS-CoV-2的固有免疫和适应性免疫反应的文献，包括固有免疫细胞、细胞因子反应、抗体反应和T细胞反应。我们还总结了SARS-CoV-2免疫反应作用方面已知和未知的情况。通过更好地理解驱动免疫反应的机制，我们可以在特定疾病阶段调整治疗策略，并改善我们对这一全球公共卫生威胁的应对。
