Kalmár Tünde, Szodrai Ferenc, Kalmár Ferenc
Department of Building Services and Building Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Debrecen, 4028, Debrecen, Otemeto Str. 2-4, Hungary.
J Build Eng. 2022 Dec 1;61:105309. doi: 10.1016/j.jobe.2022.105309. Epub 2022 Sep 28.
Appropriate ventilation may help in the mitigation of airborne transmission of viruses in buildings. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, the ventilation rate was determined depending on the number of occupants, net floor area, and building pollution category. Increasing the ventilation rate, the risk of cross infections may be reduced substantially. Ventilation effectiveness provides information about the airflow capacity to remove the pollutants from the breathing zone of occupants. In the present study, the interrelation between ventilation effectiveness and the air temperature was analysed in the case of different isothermal balanced ventilation strategies. Mixing, displacement, and personalized ventilation were investigated in a test room, measuring the CO concentration, and having the air exhaust positions above the floor and under the ceiling. The air temperatures were set between 21 °C and 26 °C. To illustrate the airflow patterns numerical simulations have been carried out. It was shown that there are significant differences between ventilation effectiveness depending on the air temperature and ventilation strategy. In most cases, the ventilation effectiveness was higher when the air exhaust was positioned under the ceiling. For investigated air temperatures, differences of even 20%-40% have been determined between ventilation effectiveness values in the case of a certain ventilation strategy.
适当的通风可能有助于减轻建筑物内病毒的空气传播。在新冠疫情之前，通风率是根据居住人数、净建筑面积和建筑物污染类别来确定的。提高通风率，交叉感染的风险可能会大幅降低。通风效果提供了有关从居住者呼吸区域去除污染物的气流能力的信息。在本研究中，分析了不同等温平衡通风策略下通风效果与气温之间的相互关系。在一个测试房间内研究了混合通风、置换通风和个性化通风，测量了一氧化碳浓度，排气口设置在地板上方和天花板下方。空气温度设置在21°C至26°C之间。为了说明气流模式，进行了数值模拟。结果表明，根据气温和通风策略的不同，通风效果存在显著差异。在大多数情况下，排气口位于天花板下方时通风效果更高。对于所研究的气温，在特定通风策略下，通风效果值之间的差异甚至达到了20%-40%。
