Takehara Takuma, Kaigawa Mahiro, Kobayashi Aika, Yamaguchi Yuuka
Department of Psychology, Doshisha University, 1-3 Tatara-Miyakodani, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0394 Japan.
Discov Psychol. 2023;3(1):5. doi: 10.1007/s44202-023-00066-6. Epub 2023 Jan 24.
Many studies conducted after the COVID-19 pandemic have examined the relationship between changes in social traits, such as attractiveness and wearing face masks. However, most studies examine the effect of wearing face masks at a single time point, and the time effect is not known. Additionally, few studies address wearing sunglasses, another facial occluding item. This study examined the effects of facial occluding (unoccluded face, face masks, sunglasses, or both) on perceived attractiveness, trustworthiness, and familiarity at two time points, September 2020, six months after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, and April 2022, almost two years later, using Japanese higher and lower attractive faces. Results showed that only lower attractive faces wearing face masks had a time effect on attractiveness and familiarity and no time effect on social traits in higher attractive faces. Perceived all social traits were the highest for unoccluded faces, and faces wearing face masks had the same level of attractiveness and familiarity as unoccluded faces. Perceived trustworthiness was higher for unoccluded faces, faces wearing face masks, sunglasses, and both sunglasses and face masks, respectively. Additionally, faces wearing both sunglasses and face masks had the lowest perceived all social traits. These findings suggest that the positive and time effects of wearing face masks are limited in Japan, suggesting a greater positive impact of unoccluded faces. They also suggest that the negative impact of wearing sunglasses is significant.
许多在新冠疫情之后开展的研究都考察了诸如吸引力和佩戴口罩等社会特征变化之间的关系。然而，大多数研究只在单一时间点考察佩戴口罩的影响，而时间效应尚不清楚。此外，很少有研究涉及佩戴太阳镜这一另一种面部遮挡物品的情况。本研究使用具有较高和较低吸引力的日本面孔，在两个时间点——2020年9月（新冠疫情开始六个月后）和差不多两年后的2022年4月——考察了面部遮挡（未遮挡的面部、口罩、太阳镜或两者皆有）对感知到的吸引力、可信度和熟悉度的影响。结果显示，只有佩戴口罩的较低吸引力面孔在吸引力和熟悉度方面存在时间效应，而较高吸引力面孔在社会特征方面不存在时间效应。未遮挡的面部在所有感知到的社会特征方面得分最高，佩戴口罩的面孔在吸引力和熟悉度方面与未遮挡的面部处于同一水平。未遮挡的面部、佩戴口罩的面部、佩戴太阳镜的面部以及同时佩戴太阳镜和口罩的面部在感知到的可信度方面依次更高。此外，同时佩戴太阳镜和口罩的面部在所有感知到的社会特征方面得分最低。这些发现表明，在日本佩戴口罩的积极和时间效应是有限的，这表明未遮挡的面部具有更大的积极影响。它们还表明佩戴太阳镜的负面影响是显著的。
