Ugradar Shoaib, Parunakian Emanuil, Douglas Raymond S
Private Practice, 9675 Brighton Way Suite 410, Beverly Hills, CA, 90210, USA.
David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
BioDrugs. 2025 Jun 6. doi: 10.1007/s40259-025-00726-0.
Thyroid eye disease (TED) is the most common extrathyroidal manifestation of Graves' disease. It is an autoimmune disorder that may present with signs of inflammation and extracellular matrix modification, leading to the characteristic features of swelling within the orbit, proptosis, diplopia, and vision loss. Recently, a growing body of work has focused on novel therapies for the treatment of TED. We review novel therapeutic agents aimed at treating TED. A review of the literature was performed through search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases for terms related to the treatment of TED. There are multiple therapeutic agents available for the treatment of TED, focusing on the different molecular pathways that are dysregulated in the pathogenesis of the condition. Therapeutic targets include: B cells (rituximab), cytokines (interleukin [IL]-6] and IL-11), insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor, and antibodies (neonatal fragment crystallizable receptor). Currently, clinical evidence supports the use of anti-insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor therapy. However, research involving anti-IL-11, anti-IL-6, and the neonatal fragment crystallizable receptor is promising.
甲状腺眼病（TED）是格雷夫斯病最常见的甲状腺外表现。它是一种自身免疫性疾病，可能会出现炎症迹象和细胞外基质改变，导致眼眶内肿胀、眼球突出、复视和视力丧失等特征性表现。最近，越来越多的工作聚焦于治疗TED的新疗法。我们综述了旨在治疗TED的新型治疗药物。通过在PubMed、Scopus和科学网数据库中搜索与TED治疗相关的术语进行了文献综述。有多种治疗药物可用于治疗TED，这些药物聚焦于该疾病发病机制中失调的不同分子途径。治疗靶点包括：B细胞（利妥昔单抗）、细胞因子（白细胞介素[IL]-6和IL-11）、胰岛素样生长因子1受体和抗体（新生儿可结晶片段受体）。目前，临床证据支持使用抗胰岛素样生长因子1受体疗法。然而，涉及抗IL-11、抗IL-6和新生儿可结晶片段受体的研究很有前景。
