Dilshad Zagros Z, Ahmed Swar O, Rahman Bootan
Politics and International Relations, School of Social Sciences, University of Kurdistan Hewler (UKH), Erbil, Kurdistan Region Iraq.
Mathematics Department, College of Science, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region Iraq.
J Knowl Econ. 2023 Mar 22:1-16. doi: 10.1007/s13132-023-01130-1.
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected employment globally, especially in the private sector. This study aims to identify the effects of the pandemic on the employment statuses such as lower wages and lack of jobs in the Kurdistan Region Government KRG). The research questions guiding the study are the following: How has the COVID-19 crisis affected livelihoods in the KRG? How have these changes affected the association among income loss, working status, business closure, and gender? We have conducted a survey in May 2021 to examine changes in the work situation; the empirical cases cover a sample of 72 people aged between 20 and 60 years old in the Kurdistan Region in Iraq. In addition, we perform a chi-square test to check whether the relationships between losing salary and working status, and business shutdown and gender are significant or not. The findings revealed 37.5% of salary cut and about 50% of employees' businesses shut down and 51% of working hours get shorter due to the COVID-19 crisis in the KRG. Our result shows no association between losing salary and working status, while there is an association between gender and business shutdown. Beyond this, the study seeks to highlight new and essential information about position reduction related to age class, difficulty to find a job related to the level of education, and working hours related to gender.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13132-023-01130-1.
新冠疫情对全球就业产生了影响，尤其是在私营部门。本研究旨在确定疫情对库尔德斯坦地区政府（KRG）就业状况的影响，如工资降低和失业。指导本研究的研究问题如下：新冠危机如何影响库尔德斯坦地区政府的生计？这些变化如何影响收入损失、工作状态、企业关闭和性别之间的关联？我们于2021年5月进行了一项调查，以研究工作状况的变化；实证案例涵盖了伊拉克库尔德斯坦地区72名年龄在20至60岁之间的人员样本。此外，我们进行了卡方检验，以检查减薪与工作状态以及企业关闭与性别之间的关系是否显著。研究结果显示，由于库尔德斯坦地区政府的新冠危机，37.5%的人工资被削减，约50%的员工企业关闭，51%的工作时间缩短。我们的结果表明减薪与工作状态之间没有关联，而性别与企业关闭之间存在关联。除此之外，该研究旨在突出有关与年龄组相关的职位减少、与教育水平相关的就业困难以及与性别相关的工作时间的新的重要信息。
在线版本包含可在10.1007/s13132-023-01130-1获取的补充材料。
