Murakami Hiroki, Yamada Norimasa
Kinjo University, Hakusan, Japan.
Chukyo University, Toyota, Japan.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jun 6;15(1):19966. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-04601-4.
The speed-accuracy trade-off, described by Fitts' law, has been well studied in fine motor tasks but remains insufficiently explored in whole-body movements, such as jumping. This gap limits our ability to identify universal motor control principles applicable to fine and gross motor tasks. To address this, we investigated the influence of landing accuracy constraints on vertical jump performance. Twelve participants performed jumps under four conditions: no accuracy constraints and progressively smaller target areas (100%, 65%, and 36% of the force-plate surface). Stricter accuracy demands a reduced jump height and systematic adjustments in the magnitude and direction of the take-off velocity. Notably, these trade-offs occurred despite the participants' inability to continuously monitor the target during the jump, relying instead on the initial recognition of accuracy constraints. Entropy analysis revealed decreased variability in landing positions, reflecting precise motor adaptations to meet the task requirements. These findings suggest that principles similar to Fitts' law govern speed-accuracy trade-offs in whole-body movements. This study provides valuable insights for sports, rehabilitation, and robotics applications by illustrating how accuracy constraints shape dynamic full-body movements.
由菲茨定律所描述的速度 - 准确性权衡，在精细运动任务中已得到充分研究，但在诸如跳跃等全身运动中仍未得到充分探索。这一差距限制了我们识别适用于精细和粗大运动任务的通用运动控制原则的能力。为了解决这一问题，我们研究了着陆准确性约束对垂直跳跃表现的影响。12名参与者在四种条件下进行跳跃：无准确性约束以及目标区域逐渐变小（测力台表面的100%、65%和36%）。更严格的准确性要求会降低跳跃高度，并对起跳速度的大小和方向进行系统性调整。值得注意的是，尽管参与者在跳跃过程中无法持续监测目标，而是依靠对准确性约束的初始认知，但这些权衡仍然发生。熵分析显示着陆位置的变异性降低，这反映了为满足任务要求而进行的精确运动适应。这些发现表明，类似于菲茨定律的原则支配着全身运动中的速度 - 准确性权衡。本研究通过阐明准确性约束如何塑造动态全身运动，为体育、康复和机器人应用提供了有价值的见解。
