Inheritance of amphetamine-induced thermoregulatory responses in inbred mice.

Two inbred strains of mice, DBA/2 and C57BL/6, differ in their responses to d-amphetamine-induced alteration of core temperature. At low doses of amphetamine (e.g., 2 mg/kg IP), both strains become markedly hypothermic within 10-20 minutes. High doses (e.g., 20 mg/kg IP) induce significant hyperthermia (+1.8 degrees C) in DBA/2 mice but have only a slight hyperthermic effect (+0.2-0.3 degrees C) effect on C57BL/6 mice. The phenotype of the F1 hybrid strain derived by crossing C57BL/6 by DBA/2 is indistinguishable from its C57BL/6 parent at a dose of 20 mg/kg IP, i.e., reduced responsiveness to amphetamine-induced hyperthermia is dominant. Analysis of the thermoregulatory responses of recombinant inbred derivatives (lines BXD-9, 11, 15, 19, 20, 21, 23, 27, 28, 30) suggest that the relative responses to amphetamine-induced hyperthermia is inherited in a simple Mendelian fashion. These results differ from other pairs of inbred mouse strains which have been compared. These findings identify yet another neuropharmacological difference between mouse strains C57BL/6 and DBA/2 and are reviewed in terms of neuroregulatory mechanisms effecting thermoregulation.