Watanabe Ryuichiro, Ikeda Ai, Charvat Hadrien, Sato Setsuko, Suzuki Yuka, Maruyama Koutatsu, Tomooka Kiyohide, Wada Hiroo, Koyama Yasunari, Tanigawa Takeshi
Department of Public Health, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine.
Department of Health Policy and Management, Keio University School of Medicine.
Environ Health Prev Med. 2025;30:47. doi: 10.1265/ehpm.24-00399.
The demand for aged-care services in Japan has surged due to the country's aging population. Furthermore, nationwide survey on the current state of aged-care services revealed that the primary reason for the resignation of women working in these sectors was poor interpersonal relationships. Moreover, given that women working in aged-care services work in shifts around the clock to manage the health and safety of the people in their care, they are at high risk of health-related issues including insomnia symptoms. Thus, we aim to examine the association between levels of satisfaction with interpersonal relationships (LSIR) and insomnia symptoms for women working in aged-care services in Japan, as well as the effect of work-life imbalance on the association between LSIR and insomnia symptoms.
In this cross-sectional study, the participants were 472 women aged 18-60 years who worked in aged-care services in Japan in 2014-2016. Insomnia symptoms were measured using the Athens Insomnia Scale, and scores of 6 or greater indicated the presence of insomnia. LSIR were assessed through self-administered questionnaires and evaluated at three levels. The association between LSIR and insomnia symptoms was evaluated using a multinominal logistic regression model. Path analysis was used to examine the potential effects of LSIR on insomnia symptoms by incorporating covariates such as work-family conflict, marital status, and depressive symptoms.
Compared to high LSIR, the multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) of insomnia symptoms were respectively 1.36 (0.81-2.30) and 2.42 (1.11-5.23) for medium and low LSIR. The path analysis showed that low LSIR were significantly associated with having high work-to-family (W-to-F) conflict and being single.
Low LSIR were significantly associated with insomnia symptoms among women working in aged-care services in Japan. High W-to-F conflict exacerbated this relationship. Therefore, enhancing interpersonal relationships may be necessary for preventing insomnia. However, due to the cross-sectional nature of our study, causality cannot be inferred. Further longitudinal research is needed to better understand these associations.
由于日本人口老龄化，对老年护理服务的需求激增。此外，一项关于老年护理服务现状的全国性调查显示，这些领域女性员工辞职的主要原因是人际关系不佳。而且，鉴于从事老年护理服务的女性需要全天候轮班工作，以保障她们所照顾人员的健康和安全，她们面临包括失眠症状在内的与健康相关问题的高风险。因此，我们旨在研究日本从事老年护理服务的女性对人际关系的满意度水平（LSIR）与失眠症状之间的关联，以及工作与生活失衡对LSIR与失眠症状之间关联的影响。
在这项横断面研究中，参与者为2014年至2016年在日本从事老年护理服务的472名18至60岁女性。使用雅典失眠量表测量失眠症状，得分6分及以上表明存在失眠。通过自填问卷评估LSIR，并在三个层面进行评价。使用多项逻辑回归模型评估LSIR与失眠症状之间的关联。通过纳入工作-家庭冲突、婚姻状况和抑郁症状等协变量，采用路径分析来研究LSIR对失眠症状的潜在影响。
与高LSIR相比，中、低LSIR的失眠症状多变量调整比值比（95%置信区间）分别为1.36（0.81 - 2.30）和2.4（1.11 - 5.23）。路径分析表明，低LSIR与高工作-家庭（W-to-F）冲突和单身显著相关。
在日本从事老年护理服务的女性中，低LSIR与失眠症状显著相关。高W-to-F冲突加剧了这种关系。因此，改善人际关系可能对预防失眠是必要的。然而，由于我们研究的横断面性质，无法推断因果关系。需要进一步的纵向研究来更好地理解这些关联。
