Çordan İlker, Günler Tuğba
Internal Medicine Division, Endocrinology Department, Konya City Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Konya, Turkey.
Clinic of Pathology, Konya City Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Konya, Turkey.
Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2025 Oct;103(4):596-604. doi: 10.1111/cen.15290. Epub 2025 Jun 8.
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid malignancy, with a generally favourable prognosis. However, a subset of PTC cases exhibit aggressive behaviour, including lymph node and distant organ metastases. Identifying biomarkers that can differentiate between benign and malignant lesions, as well as predict tumour aggressiveness, is crucial for improving diagnosis and management. CD105 (endoglin), a marker of neoangiogenesis, has shown promise in various solid tumours as a prognostic factor. Its role in PTC, particularly in distinguishing between metastatic and non-metastatic cases, remains underexplored.
To investigate the role of CD105 (endoglin) expression in the differential diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of patients with benign thyroid nodules, non-metastatic PTC, and PTC with lymph node metastasis (LNM).
Thyroid tissues from 148 patients were retrospectively analyzed for CD105 expression, including 49 with thyroid follicular nodular disease (TFND), 48 with PTC without LNM [LNM(-) PTC], and 51 with PTC and LNM [LNM(+) PTC]. Tissues were classified based on CD105 expression, and microvascular density (MVD) scores were calculated using the Weidner method in positive cases. Clinical and pathological features were compared across TFND, LNM(-), and LNM(+) groups.
The rates of CD105 expression significantly differed between the TFND, LNM(-) PTC, and LNM(+) PTC groups (8.2%, 64.6%, and 80.4%, respectively). The CD105 MVD score was significantly higher in the LNM(+) PTC, unifocal LNM(+) PTC, and multifocal LNM(+) PTC groups, in favour of metastasis (p < 0.001). CD105 expression was detected in all patients with distant organ metastasis, and these patients also exhibited significantly higher MVD scores (p < 0.001).
This study supports the potential use of CD105 expression and its quantitative indicator, the CD105 MVD score, as biomarkers for distinguishing benign thyroid nodules from malignant ones and for evaluating the prognosis of PTC.
甲状腺乳头状癌（PTC）是最常见的甲状腺恶性肿瘤类型，总体预后良好。然而，一部分PTC病例表现出侵袭性行为，包括淋巴结和远处器官转移。识别能够区分良性和恶性病变以及预测肿瘤侵袭性的生物标志物，对于改善诊断和治疗至关重要。CD105（内皮糖蛋白）是一种新生血管生成标志物，在多种实体瘤中作为预后因素已显示出前景。其在PTC中的作用，特别是在区分转移和非转移病例方面，仍未得到充分研究。
探讨CD105（内皮糖蛋白）表达在良性甲状腺结节、非转移性PTC和伴有淋巴结转移（LNM）的PTC患者的鉴别诊断和预后评估中的作用。
回顾性分析148例患者的甲状腺组织中CD105的表达情况，其中包括49例甲状腺滤泡性结节病（TFND）患者、48例无LNM的PTC患者[LNM（-）PTC]和51例伴有LNM的PTC患者[LNM（+）PTC]。根据CD105表达对组织进行分类，并对阳性病例采用Weidner法计算微血管密度（MVD）评分。比较TFND、LNM（-）和LNM（+）组的临床和病理特征。
TFND组、LNM（-）PTC组和LNM（+）PTC组的CD105表达率有显著差异（分别为8.2%、64.6%和80.4%）。LNM（+）PTC组、单灶LNM（+）PTC组和多灶LNM（+）PTC组的CD105 MVD评分显著更高，提示有转移倾向（p<0.001）。所有远处器官转移患者均检测到CD105表达，且这些患者的MVD评分也显著更高（p<0.001）。
本研究支持将CD105表达及其定量指标CD105 MVD评分作为区分良性甲状腺结节与恶性结节以及评估PTC预后的生物标志物的潜在用途。
