Casseus Myriam, Reichman Nancy E
Division of Population Health, Quality, and Implementation Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.
Child Health Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.
Infant Child Dev. 2025 Mar-Apr;34(2). doi: 10.1002/icd.70008. Epub 2025 Mar 27.
The mental health and well-being of children and adolescents are critical public health concerns globally. This cross-sectional study analysed nationally representative data from the combined 2016-2022 National Survey of Children's Health ( = 239,534) to produce estimates of parent-reported diagnoses of children's anxiety, depression and behavioural or conduct problems, and to examine temporal trends for each condition. Bivariate analyses and multivariable logistic regression were used to examine the prevalence of the conditions by sociodemographic characteristics. Among children aged 3-17 years, 8.4% had anxiety, 3.7% had depression and 7.1% had behavioural or conduct problems. Between 2016 and 2022, there were increases in the prevalence of anxiety (6.9%-10.6%), depression (3.1%-4.6%) and behavioural or conduct problems (7.2%-7.5%). Older age and higher poverty were associated with higher odds of each condition, while having private insurance was associated with lower odds. Females had higher odds of anxiety (AOR = 1.22; 95% CI, 1.15-1.29) and depression (AOR = 1.48; 95% CI, 1.35-1.61), and lower odds of behavioural or conduct problems (AOR = 0.45; 95% CI, 0.41-0.48). Prevention, early intervention and improved access to mental health services are critical to reversing the ongoing trends of increasing prevalence of mental health conditions among children and adolescents.
儿童和青少年的心理健康与幸福是全球重要的公共卫生问题。这项横断面研究分析了2016 - 2022年全国儿童健康综合调查的全国代表性数据（n = 239,534），以得出家长报告的儿童焦虑、抑郁及行为或品行问题诊断的估计值，并研究每种情况的时间趋势。采用双变量分析和多变量逻辑回归按社会人口学特征检查这些情况的患病率。在3至17岁的儿童中，8.4%患有焦虑症，3.7%患有抑郁症，7.1%存在行为或品行问题。2016年至2022年期间，焦虑症（6.9% - 10.6%）、抑郁症（3.1% - 4.6%）和行为或品行问题（7.2% - 7.5%）的患病率均有所上升。年龄较大和贫困程度较高与每种情况的较高患病几率相关，而拥有私人保险则与较低患病几率相关。女性患焦虑症（比值比[AOR] = 1.22；95%置信区间[CI]，1.15 - 1.29）和抑郁症（AOR = 1.48；95% CI，1.35 - 1.61）的几率较高，而存在行为或品行问题的几率较低（AOR = 0.45；95% CI，0.41 - 0.48）。预防、早期干预以及改善心理健康服务的可及性对于扭转儿童和青少年心理健康状况患病率持续上升的趋势至关重要。
