Leeb Rebecca T, Danielson Melissa L, Claussen Angelika H, Robinson Lara R, Lebrun-Harris Lydie A, Ghandour Reem, Bitsko Rebecca H, Katz Samuel M, Kaminski Jennifer W, Brown Jessica
National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Hwy, Atlanta, GA 30342 (
National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Prev Chronic Dis. 2024 Dec 12;21:E96. doi: 10.5888/pcd21.240142.
Childhood mental, behavioral, and developmental disorders (MBDD) are common and are associated with poor health and well-being. Monitoring the prevalence of MBDDs among children and factors that may influence health outcomes is important to understanding risk and promoting population health.
We examined trends in parent-reported lifetime MBDDs among children and associated health promotion and risk indicators from 2016 through 2021 by using data from the National Survey of Children's Health. Estimates of prevalence and average annual percentage change were stratified by specific MBDDs and demographic characteristics (eg, sex, age, race and ethnicity). Children with any MBDDs versus none were compared overall and by MBDD subgroup on health care, family, and community indicators.
From 2016 through 2021, MBDD prevalence among children aged 3 to 17 years increased from 25.3% to 27.7%; increases were specific to anxiety, depression, learning disability, developmental delay, and speech or language disorder. Unmet health care needs increased annually by an average of approximately 5% among children with MBDDs. Each year from 2016 to 2021, approximately 60% of children with MBDDs received mental or developmental services in the past 12 months. Each year, a higher percentage of parents of children with MBDDs compared with children without MBDDs reported poor mental health (14.7% MBDD, 5.7% no MBDD) and economic stress (21.6% MBDD, 11.5% no MBDD).
Increasing prevalence of certain MBDDs and MBDD-associated indicators, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, highlights the need for improved pediatric mental health training for health care providers, for prevention and intervention efforts, and for policies addressing economic stability and equitable access to mental health services.
儿童心理、行为和发育障碍（MBDD）很常见，且与健康状况不佳有关。监测儿童中MBDD的患病率以及可能影响健康结果的因素，对于了解风险和促进人群健康很重要。
我们利用全国儿童健康调查的数据，研究了2016年至2021年期间家长报告的儿童终生MBDD趋势以及相关的健康促进和风险指标。患病率估计值和年均变化百分比按特定的MBDD和人口统计学特征（如性别、年龄、种族和族裔）进行分层。对有任何MBDD的儿童与无MBDD的儿童在医疗保健、家庭和社区指标方面进行了总体比较，并按MBDD亚组进行了比较。
2016年至2021年期间，3至17岁儿童的MBDD患病率从25.3%增至27.7%；焦虑、抑郁、学习障碍、发育迟缓以及言语或语言障碍的患病率有特定增加。有MBDD的儿童未满足的医疗保健需求每年平均增加约5%。2016年至2021年期间，每年约60%有MBDD的儿童在过去12个月内接受了心理或发育服务。每年，与无MBDD儿童的家长相比，有MBDD儿童的家长报告心理健康状况不佳（MBDD组为14.7%，无MBDD组为5.7%）和经济压力（MBDD组为21.6%，无MBDD组为11.5%）的比例更高。
在新冠疫情之前及期间，某些MBDD及与MBDD相关指标的患病率不断上升，这凸显了对医疗保健提供者进行改善儿童心理健康培训的必要性，以及开展预防和干预工作、制定解决经济稳定和心理健康服务公平可及性问题政策的必要性。
