Edwards Ceri, Katzer Frank, Bartley Paul M, Roden Janet, Shaw Hannah J
Harper Adams University, Edgmond, Newport, TF10 8NB, UK.
Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, Penicuik, EH26 0PZ, UK.
Curr Res Parasitol Vector Borne Dis. 2025 Jul 9;8:100295. doi: 10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100295. eCollection 2025.
spp., particularly , pose a significant threat to raw water quality and public health. Cryptosporidiosis, a gastrointestinal zoonotic disease, causes diarrhoea in dairy and beef production systems worldwide. Infected calves shed spp. oocysts in faeces, posing risks of contaminating surface water sources. Understanding the dynamics of contamination is crucial for effective water quality management. This study investigated spp. prevalence in neonatal calves and its potential impact on water quality before abstraction and treatment. The study analysed faecal samples from 1-3-week-old calves on two English dairy farms upstream of a water abstraction point. Initial screening used immune chromatographic assays (ICT) on 47 faecal samples. This was followed by DNA extraction and species identification, with subtyping. Raw and treated water quality data were analysed to determine oocyst counts. was the predominant species in calves at both farms, with subtype IIaA17G2R1 being the only subtype detected. Some calf samples revealed mixed infections with and . Raw-water samples ( = 214) revealed a 50.00% positivity rate for oocysts, with 22.43% (24/107) containing and the remainder 77.57% (83/107) . Water treatment significantly reduced oocyst counts ( < 0.001); however, due to the increase in popularity of bathing in rivers, oocysts present in raw river water may still prove a public health risk.
隐孢子虫属物种，尤其是[具体物种名称未明确给出]，对原水水质和公众健康构成重大威胁。隐孢子虫病是一种胃肠道人畜共患病，在全球范围内的奶牛和肉牛生产系统中导致腹泻。受感染的小牛会在粪便中排出隐孢子虫属卵囊，对地表水源造成污染风险。了解隐孢子虫污染动态对于有效的水质管理至关重要。本研究调查了新生小牛中隐孢子虫属的流行情况及其在取水和处理前对水质的潜在影响。该研究分析了位于取水点上游的两个英国奶牛场中1至3周龄小牛的粪便样本。最初对47份粪便样本采用免疫层析试验（ICT）进行筛查。随后进行DNA提取和物种鉴定，并进行亚型分析。对原水和处理后的水质数据进行分析以确定卵囊数量。[具体物种名称未明确给出]是两个农场小牛中的主要物种，IIaA17G2R1亚型是唯一检测到的亚型。一些小牛样本显示[具体物种名称未明确给出]与[另一物种名称未明确给出]混合感染。原水样本（n = 214）中隐孢子虫卵囊的阳性率为50.00%，其中22.43%（24/107）含有[具体物种名称未明确给出]，其余77.57%（83/107）含有[另一物种名称未明确给出]。水处理显著降低了卵囊数量（P < 0.001）；然而，由于在河流中沐浴的流行程度增加，原河水中存在的卵囊可能仍然构成公共卫生风险。
