Li Yongmin, Xu Huidong, Wang Xiaoyu, Yong Xu, Li Dongwei, Wu Yatao, Hu Wenfeng
Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, China Fuyang Normal University Fuyang China.
Biodivers Data J. 2025 May 29;13:e154264. doi: 10.3897/BDJ.13.e154264. eCollection 2025.
Wetlands are amongst the most productive ecosystems around the globe, with lots of ecological and social-economic services provided. Better understanding of the spatial distribution of biotic communities in wetlands is not only an important question in ecology, but also critical for biodiversity conservation. From March 2022 to February 2023, 12 monthly surveys were conducted on 10 provincially significant wetlands in the Huaibei Plain using transect and point-count methods. In this study, a two-way ANOVA was used to compare the differences in species, taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversity of birds across the four seasons and the six habitats. A total of 129,916 individuals, 218 bird species belonging to 54 families and 18 orders were identified during the survey. During spring, species richness was significantly higher in rivers (55.67 ± 4.93), shelterbelts (47.67 ± 6.51) and gardens (44.67 ± 5.29) compared to farmlands, lakes and ponds. In contrast, farmland in summer exhibited greater species richness (SR) (46.67 ± 7.00), Shannon-Wiener (3.13 ± 0.10), Pielou index (0.82 ± 0.02) and phylogenetic diversity (PD) (1431.31 ± 129.92) than shelterbelts, gardens and lakes. River, lake and pond habitats showed notably higher taxonomic diversity (TD), functional diversity (FD) and phylogenetic diversity (PD) during autumn, while the highest functional diversity (FD) and phylogenetic diversity (PD) levels were observed in rivers, lakes and ponds in winter. There were no significant differences in bird diversity within habitats across different seasons, but the species richness (SR) and abundance of ecotypes were significantly different amongst the four seasons, indicating notable seasonal fluctuations in the species composition of the community in this area. Aquatic habitats such as the lakes, rivers and ponds are the most abundant areas of bird diversity in the wetland complex in the Huaibei Plain, providing stop-overs and wintering places for migrants on the East Asian-Australasian Flyway. Meanwhile, the autumn and winter are the key periods for waterbird protection in this area. Our study provides important baseline data on the spatial and temporal distribution patterns of bird communities in the Huaibei Plain and may help in developing scientifically effective management and conservation plans.
湿地是全球生产力最高的生态系统之一，提供了许多生态和社会经济服务。更好地了解湿地生物群落的空间分布不仅是生态学中的一个重要问题，对生物多样性保护也至关重要。2022年3月至2023年2月，采用样带法和点计数法，对淮北平原10处省级重要湿地进行了12次月度调查。在本研究中，采用双向方差分析比较了四个季节和六种栖息地鸟类的物种、分类、功能和系统发育多样性的差异。调查期间共记录到129916只个体，隶属于18目54科218种鸟类。春季，河流（55.67±4.93）、防护林带（47.67±6.51）和园林（44.67±5.29）的物种丰富度显著高于农田、湖泊和池塘。相比之下，夏季农田的物种丰富度（SR）（46.67±7.00）、香农-维纳指数（3.13±0.10）、皮洛指数（0.82±0.02）和系统发育多样性（PD）（1431.31±129.92）高于防护林带、园林和湖泊。河流、湖泊和池塘栖息地在秋季的分类多样性（TD）、功能多样性（FD）和系统发育多样性（PD）显著更高，而冬季河流、湖泊和池塘的功能多样性（FD）和系统发育多样性（PD）水平最高。不同季节各栖息地内鸟类多样性无显著差异，但四个季节的物种丰富度（SR）和生态型丰度存在显著差异，表明该地区群落物种组成存在明显的季节性波动。湖泊、河流和池塘等水生栖息地是淮北平原湿地复合体中鸟类多样性最丰富的区域，为东亚-澳大利西亚迁徙路线上的候鸟提供了中途停歇地和越冬场所。同时，秋冬季节是该地区水鸟保护的关键时期。我们的研究提供了淮北平原鸟类群落时空分布格局重要的基线数据，可能有助于制定科学有效的管理和保护计划。
