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主流香烟烟雾和水溶液中烟草特异性致癌亚硝胺的去除——综述

Removal of Tobacco Specific Carcinogenic Nitrosamines in Mainstream Cigarette Smoke and Aqueous SolutionA Review.

作者信息

Setshedi Katlego Z, Maity Arjun, Nyakale Atlegang, Ramahlare Sebasa, Chauke Vongani P, Nkomzwayo Thulisile, Mandiwana Vusani, Ray Suprakas Sinha, Hlekelele Lerato

机构信息

Centre for Nanostructure and Advanced Materials, DSI-CSIR Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.

Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.

出版信息

ACS Omega. 2025 May 21;10(21):20949-20967. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.4c08529. eCollection 2025 Jun 3.

DOI:10.1021/acsomega.4c08529
PMID:40488045
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12138646/
Abstract

Tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines (TSNAs), which are associated with several cancers, are formed during the processing of tobacco alkaloids. Since tobacco smoking poses serious health risks, scientists, governments, and health regulators globally have denounced it and categorized its constituents according to their carcinogenicity. Tobacco smoke investigations are guided by standardized methods (ISO). With the help of standardized smoke-generating machines, precise quantification of TSNAs and other smoke constituents is now possible thanks to advancements in analytical techniques. This information supports initiatives to reduce the amount of TSNAs that smoking exposes people to. This review covers the occurrence, formation pathways, precursors, and control strategies through removal technologies, providing thorough analysis of the state of science today regarding TSNAs. The adsorption characteristics of different materials as possible filter additives or modifiers are critically discussed, emphasizing important elements like porosity, layering, acidity/alkalinity, and surface area that affect their performance for capturing TSNAs from smoke. While scientific understanding of these areas is still evolving, this review intends to provide for the first time research progress on the adsorption properties of various materials, including zeolites, silica, few-layer black phosphorus, metal-organic frameworks, and molecularly imprinted polymers, among others, for reducing TSNAs present in both cigarette smoke and aqueous solutions.

摘要

烟草特有的N-亚硝胺（TSNAs）与多种癌症有关，是在烟草生物碱加工过程中形成的。由于吸烟会带来严重的健康风险，全球的科学家、政府和健康监管机构都对其进行了谴责，并根据其致癌性对其成分进行了分类。烟草烟雾调查采用标准化方法（ISO）。借助标准化的烟雾发生机器，由于分析技术的进步，现在可以对TSNAs和其他烟雾成分进行精确量化。这些信息有助于减少吸烟使人们接触到的TSNAs量的相关举措。本综述涵盖了TSNAs的存在情况、形成途径、前体以及通过去除技术的控制策略，对当今关于TSNAs的科学现状进行了全面分析。批判性地讨论了不同材料作为可能的过滤添加剂或改性剂的吸附特性，强调了影响其从烟雾中捕获TSNAs性能的重要因素，如孔隙率、分层、酸度/碱度和表面积。虽然对这些领域的科学理解仍在不断发展，但本综述旨在首次提供包括沸石、二氧化硅、少层黑磷、金属有机框架和分子印迹聚合物等各种材料在减少香烟烟雾和水溶液中TSNAs方面的吸附性能研究进展。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f319/12138646/ffa5fcf06839/ao4c08529_0010.jpg
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