Huang Ying Yue, Zhang Wei Sen, Wang Jiao, Jiang Chao Qiang, Zhu Feng, Jin Ya Li, Cheng Kar Keung, Lam Tai Hing, Xu Lin
School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
Greater Bay Area Public Health Research Collaboration, Greater Bay Area, China.
Geroscience. 2025 Jun 9. doi: 10.1007/s11357-025-01725-3.
Despite the development of numerous obesity indicators, the optimal measure associated with memory remains to be elucidated. We examined and compared these associations whilst also exploring potential interactions with education. We analysed the associations between 20 obesity indicators and memory (measured by Delayed Word Recall Test (DWRT)) in middle-aged and older participants from Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study by linear regression and stratification analyses. We used two-sample Mendelian randomisation (2SMR) to analyse the associations of obesity with cognitive performance. Of 20 obesity indicators, 6 and 7 were associated with poorer memory function measured by baseline and follow-up DWRT; 7 and 10 with faster memory decline measured by mean annual change (MAC) and MAC rate of DWRT. Central obesity measured by waist-to-hip-to-height ratio (WHHR) z-score showed the greatest effect size, with the βs (95% CIs) being - 0.09 (- 0.11 to - 0.07), - 0.07 (- 0.09 to - 0.04), - 0.02 (- 0.03 to - 0.01) and - 0.49 (- 0.69 to - 0.29), respectively. The associations were weaker in those with higher education (P for education-interaction from 0.008 to 0.049). In 2SMR, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference and BMI-adjusted waist-to-hip ratio were negatively associated with cognitive performance using inverse-variance weighted method, with βs (95% CIs) being - 0.11 (- 0.15 to - 0.07), - 0.07 (- 0.12 to - 0.02) and - 0.06 (- 0.09 to - 0.02), respectively. In conclusion, obesity, especially central obesity measured by WHHR, was associated with poorer memory function and faster memory decline in middle-aged and older people, with a weaker association observed amongst those with higher education.
尽管已开发出众多肥胖指标，但与记忆相关的最佳测量方法仍有待阐明。我们研究并比较了这些关联，同时还探讨了与教育的潜在相互作用。我们通过线性回归和分层分析，分析了广州生物银行队列研究中中年及老年参与者的20种肥胖指标与记忆（通过延迟单词回忆测试（DWRT）测量）之间的关联。我们使用两样本孟德尔随机化（2SMR）来分析肥胖与认知表现之间的关联。在20种肥胖指标中，6种和7种分别与基线和随访DWRT测量的较差记忆功能相关；7种和10种分别与DWRT的年均变化（MAC）和MAC率测量的更快记忆衰退相关。用腰臀身高比（WHHR）z评分测量的中心性肥胖显示出最大的效应量，β值（95%置信区间）分别为−0.09（−0.11至−0.07）、−0.07（−0.09至−0.04）、−0.02（−0.03至−0.01）和−0.49（−0.69至−0.29）。在受教育程度较高的人群中，这些关联较弱（教育相互作用的P值为0.008至0.049）。在2SMR中，使用逆方差加权法，体重指数（BMI）、腰围和BMI调整后的腰臀比与认知表现呈负相关，β值（95%置信区间）分别为−0.11（−0.15至−0.07）、−0.07（−0.12至−0.02）和−0.06（−0.09至−0.02）。总之，肥胖，尤其是通过WHHR测量的中心性肥胖，与中年及老年人较差的记忆功能和更快的记忆衰退相关，在受教育程度较高的人群中观察到的关联较弱。
