Hao Yingchen, Wang Xiaolong, Guo Langchen, Xiang Lijun, Luo Enxi, Cao Peng, Liu Penghui, Zhong Yue, Li Chun, Lai Jun, Yang Jun, Wang Shouchuang
National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, School of Breeding and Multiplication(Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya, Hainan, 572025, China.
National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Sanya, Hainan, 572025, China.
Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Aug;12(31):e16717. doi: 10.1002/advs.202416717. Epub 2025 Jun 10.
A crucial strategy employed by plants to enhance insect resistance is allocating amino acids into secondary metabolic pathways, ensuring the synthesis of specialized metabolites that confer resistance. The storage and redistribution of amino acids primarily occur in vacuole; therefore, transport mechanisms must exist to facilitate the directed extravasation of amino acids from vacuole to cytosol and feed them into secondary metabolism in response to stress. However, the specific amino acid transporter located in the vacuole responsible for amino acid distribution remains unclear. Here, we identify two tomato vacuolar amino acid transporters, SlAVT6A and SlAVT6B. SlAVT6A functions as the primary exporter, while SlAVT6B modulates transport capacity through SlAVT6A/SlAVT6B heterodimer formation. This system redirects amino acids to boost trichome density, terpene accumulation, and gibberellin synthesis, thereby strengthening defense against spider mites. Furthermore, SlWRKY57 coordinates both transporters by forming a complex with SlJAZ8, linking jasmonic acid (JA) signaling to amino acid homeostasis through metabolic reprogramming from primary to specialized pathways. The findings reveal a SlJAZ8-SlWRKY57-SlAVT6A/SlAVT6B module that enhances growth and resistance by allocating amino acid to secondary metabolic pathways, offering insights for improving resistance in metabolic-assisted breeding.
植物增强抗虫性所采用的一个关键策略是将氨基酸分配到次生代谢途径中，以确保合成具有抗性的特殊代谢产物。氨基酸的储存和重新分配主要发生在液泡中；因此，必须存在运输机制，以促进氨基酸从液泡向细胞质的定向外渗，并在应激反应中将它们输送到次生代谢中。然而，位于液泡中负责氨基酸分配的特定氨基酸转运蛋白仍不清楚。在这里，我们鉴定出两个番茄液泡氨基酸转运蛋白，SlAVT6A和SlAVT6B。SlAVT6A作为主要的输出蛋白，而SlAVT6B通过形成SlAVT6A/SlAVT6B异源二聚体来调节运输能力。该系统将氨基酸重新导向，以提高毛状体密度、萜类积累和赤霉素合成，从而增强对红蜘蛛的防御。此外，SlWRKY57通过与SlJAZ8形成复合物来协调这两种转运蛋白，通过从初级途径到特殊途径的代谢重编程，将茉莉酸（JA）信号与氨基酸稳态联系起来。这些发现揭示了一个SlJAZ8-SlWRKY57-SlAVT6A/SlAVT6B模块，该模块通过将氨基酸分配到次生代谢途径中来增强生长和抗性，为代谢辅助育种中提高抗性提供了见解。
