Dong Li, Zhou Wen-Da, Hu Ya-Bin, Wei Li, Cao Wei, Chen Ning-Hong, Liu Di, Zhen Cheng, Zheng Yu-Chun, Jonas Jost B, Wei Wen-Bin
Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Lab, Medical Artificial Intelligence Research and Verification Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention of Blinding Eye Diseases, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Mingsii Co., Ltd, Beijing, China.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2025 Jun 2;66(6):33. doi: 10.1167/iovs.66.6.33.
To re-assess myopia prevalence, update the database of ocular biometric parameters, and assess the prevalence of fundus abnormalities in schoolchildren and adolescents in Wuhu, Anhui Province, China.
The Wuhu Children and Adolescents Eye Study (WCAES) is a longitudinal population-based cohort study, and the cross-sectional analysis results of the baseline assessment are reported here. It included 315,569 out of 330,173 eligible children and adolescents (95.6%), ages 2 to 19 years, from 513 schools with measurements of presenting distance visual acuity (PDVA) and uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), non-cycloplegic autorefractometry, ocular biometry, and color fundus photography. Fundus abnormalities were assessed by an artificial intelligence-based system.
Prevalences of likely myopia (-1.00 D < refractive error ≤ -0.50 D), myopia (refractive error ≤-1.00 D), low myopia (-3.00 D < refractive error ≤ -1.00 D), moderate myopia (-6.00 D < refractive error ≤ -3.00 D), and high myopia (refractive error ≤ -6.00 D) were 13.58% (95% confidence interval [CI], 13.46-13.70), 56.92% (95% CI, 56.74-57.10), 32.87% (95% CI, 32.70-33.04), 19.74% (95% CI, 19.60-19.88), and 4.31% (95% CI, 4.24-4.38), respectively. Among high-school students, myopia prevalence was 92.18% (95% CI, 91.68-92.68). High myopia prevalence rates in kindergarten, elementary, middle, and high schools were 0.30% (95% CI, 0.18-0.43), 1.53% (95% CI, 1.48-1.59), 9.05% (95% CI, 8.86-9.24), and 18.57% (95% CI, 17.84-19.29), respectively. Higher prevalence of overall myopia and high myopia was associated (all P < 0.001) with female sex (odds ratio [OR] = 0.81 and OR = 0.91, respectively), older age (OR = 1.45 and OR = 1.48, respectively), longer axial length (OR = 3.71 and OR = 5.89, respectively), and higher prevalence of fundus tessellation (OR = 1.10 and OR = 1.21, respectively.). The percentage of myopic individuals using vision correction and the prevalence of an age-dependent defined suboptimal PDVA in the myopic population were 48.05% (95% CI, 47.81-48.28) and 65.84% (95% CI, 65.51-66.16), respectively.
Compared with previous studies, the present investigation suggests a further rise in the prevalence of myopia, particularly high myopia, in the younger generations in China.
重新评估近视患病率，更新眼部生物测量参数数据库，并评估中国安徽省芜湖市学童和青少年眼底异常的患病率。
芜湖儿童与青少年眼病研究（WCAES）是一项基于人群的纵向队列研究，本文报告了基线评估的横断面分析结果。该研究纳入了330173名符合条件的2至19岁儿童和青少年中的315569名（95.6%），来自513所学校，测量了其现患远距离视力（PDVA）、未矫正远距离视力（UDVA）、非睫状肌麻痹自动验光、眼部生物测量和彩色眼底照相。通过基于人工智能的系统评估眼底异常。
可能近视（-1.00 D＜屈光不正≤-0.50 D）、近视（屈光不正≤-1.00 D）、低度近视（-3.00 D＜屈光不正≤-1.00 D）、中度近视（-6.00 D＜屈光不正≤-3.00 D）和高度近视（屈光不正≤-6.00 D）的患病率分别为13.58%（95%置信区间[CI]，13.46-13.70）、56.92%（95% CI，56.74-57.10）、32.87%（95% CI，32.70-33.04）、19.74%（95% CI，19.60-19.88）和4.31%（95% CI，4.24-4.38）。在高中生中，近视患病率为92.18%（95% CI，91.68-92.68）。幼儿园、小学、初中和高中的高度近视患病率分别为0.30%（95% CI，0.18-0.43）、1.53%（95% CI，1.48-1.59）、9.05%（95% CI，8.86-9.24）和18.57%（95% CI，17.84-19.29）。总体近视和高度近视的较高患病率与女性性别（优势比[OR]分别为0.81和0.91）、年龄较大（OR分别为1.45和1.48）、眼轴长度较长（OR分别为3.71和5.89）以及眼底网格状改变的较高患病率（OR分别为1.10和1.21）相关（所有P＜0.001）。近视人群中使用视力矫正的比例和年龄相关定义的次优PDVA的患病率分别为48.05%（95% CI，47.81-48.28）和65.84%（95% CI，65.51-66.16）。
与先前的研究相比，本调查表明中国年轻一代的近视患病率，尤其是高度近视患病率进一步上升。
