Yang Zilong, Deng Zihao, Gao Wentao, Zhang Wei, Fan Xuxuan, Su Ke, Liu Zhiqin
Jishou University Zhuzhou Clinical College, Medical College, Jishou University, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China.
Trauma Center Department Three, Zhuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China.
J Orthop Surg Res. 2025 Jun 11;20(1):582. doi: 10.1186/s13018-025-06000-x.
Exosomes are nanosized membrane vesicles secreted by cells that have garnered considerable attention in the biomedical field in recent years. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common disabling joint disease with limited therapeutic options in clinical practice. Recent studies have shown that exosomes, as crucial mediators of intercellular communication, have proven effective in treating osteoarthritis and cartilage injury in vitro and in animal models. With ongoing research, exosomes have demonstrated tremendous potential in treating and even reversing osteoarthritis and cartilage injury. They may become an emerging therapeutic strategy in the future. This review primarily discusses the composition of exosomes and explores the potential mechanisms by which exosomes from different sources influence osteoarthritis and cartilage injury in the context of ongoing advances in exosome research. Furthermore, the review highlights the progress in exosome engineering for osteoarthritis Treatment to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of exosomes.
外泌体是细胞分泌的纳米级膜泡，近年来在生物医学领域备受关注。骨关节炎（OA）是一种常见的致残性关节疾病，临床治疗选择有限。最近的研究表明，外泌体作为细胞间通讯的关键介质，已被证明在体外和动物模型中对治疗骨关节炎和软骨损伤有效。随着研究的不断深入，外泌体在治疗甚至逆转骨关节炎和软骨损伤方面显示出巨大潜力。它们可能成为未来一种新兴的治疗策略。本综述主要讨论外泌体的组成，并在外泌体研究不断进展的背景下，探讨不同来源的外泌体影响骨关节炎和软骨损伤的潜在机制。此外，该综述强调了用于骨关节炎治疗的外泌体工程学进展，以提高外泌体的治疗效果。
