Mafla Ana Cristina, Herrera-López Mauricio, Salas-Burbano Juliana Estefanía, Guerrero-Dávila Camilo Andrés, Insuasty-Fuertes Diana Paola, Bustos-López Juan Sebastián, Schwendicke Falk
Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Calle 18 No. 45-150, Pasto, Colombia.
Escuela Internacional de Doctorado, King Juan Carlos University, Calle Tulipán s/n. 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, España.
BMC Psychol. 2025 Jun 10;13(1):625. doi: 10.1186/s40359-025-02802-0.
Facial attractiveness is a relevant feature in many societies, and self-perceived attraction has been shown to affect a wide range of aspects in human lives, including quality of life. The present study assessed the mediating effects of behavioral determinants on self-reported dental and facial esthetics in an academic population.
A cross-sectional observational study on 1,232 students from Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Pasto, Colombia was conducted. Socio-demographic variables such as age, sex, residency, place of birth, living zone, socioeconomic status, and type of faculty (Dentistry, Medicine, Nursing, Engineering and Law) were included. Moreover, clinical characteristics related to oral rehabilitations of anterior teeth (composites and crowns) were recorded. Behavioral determinants such as self-esteem, self-compassion, social achievements, and social anxiety were evaluated through Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale (RSE), Self-compassion Scale (SCS), Social Achievement Goal Scale (SAG) and Social Anxiety Questionnaire for Adults (SAQ-A30). The Orofacial Esthetic Scale (OES) was employed to determine self-rated dental and facial esthetics. A paper-and-pencil self-administered survey was utilized. Descriptive statistics (frequencies, means and standard deviations) were calculated to determine the levels of personal factors. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was performed with robust unweighted least squares estimation method to assess the mediating effects of the behavioral variables on dental and facial esthetics. Analyses were conducted using SPSS 28.0 and EQS 6.2 statistical package. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.
The sample comprised 496 (40.3%) males and 736 (59.7%) females. 1,068 (86.7%) participants were 18-25 years old, and 164 (13.3%) > 25 years old. The mean and standard deviations (SD) of scales were: RSE = 24.24, SD ± 1.91; SCS = 3.16, SD ± 0.54; SAG = 32.55, SD ± 7.97; SAQ-A30 = 74.61, SD ± 21.33; and OES = 58.12, SD ± 13.12. SEM found self-compassion (β = 0.38, P = 0.03), social goals achievement (β = 0.34, P = 0.02) and self-esteem (β = 0.25, P = 0.02) had moderate and direct effects on dental and facial esthetics, while social anxiety (β = -0.19, P = 0.02) displayed a moderate indirect effect.
Behavioral factors predicted dental and facial esthetics self-perception in college students. Clinicians and educators should be aware of the identified effects which may, in turn, affect overall quality of life of patients and students.
面部吸引力在许多社会中都是一个重要特征，而且自我感知的吸引力已被证明会影响人类生活的诸多方面，包括生活质量。本研究评估了行为决定因素对学术人群自我报告的牙齿和面部美学的中介作用。
对来自哥伦比亚帕斯托市哥伦比亚合作大学的1232名学生进行了一项横断面观察性研究。纳入了年龄、性别、居住情况、出生地、生活区域、社会经济地位以及学院类型（牙科、医学、护理、工程和法律）等社会人口统计学变量。此外，记录了与前牙口腔修复（复合材料和牙冠）相关的临床特征。通过罗森伯格自尊量表（RSE）、自我同情量表（SCS）、社会成就目标量表（SAG）和成人社交焦虑问卷（SAQ - A30）评估自尊、自我同情、社会成就和社交焦虑等行为决定因素。采用口腔面部美学量表（OES）来确定自我评定的牙齿和面部美学。使用纸笔式自我管理调查问卷。计算描述性统计量（频率、均值和标准差）以确定个人因素水平。采用稳健的未加权最小二乘法估计方法进行结构方程建模（SEM），以评估行为变量对牙齿和面部美学的中介作用。使用SPSS 28.0和EQS 6.2统计软件包进行分析。设定统计学显著性为P < 0.05。
样本包括496名（40.3%）男性和736名（59.7%）女性。1068名（86.7%）参与者年龄在18 - 25岁之间，164名（13.3%）年龄大于25岁。各量表的均值和标准差分别为：RSE = 24.24，标准差±1.91；SCS = 3.16，标准差±0.54；SAG = 32.55，标准差±7.97；SAQ - A30 = 74.61，标准差±21.33；OES = 58.12，标准差±13.12。结构方程建模发现自我同情（β = 0.38，P = 0.03）、社会目标成就（β = 0.34，P = 0.02）和自尊（β = 0.25，P = 0.02）对牙齿和面部美学有中度且直接的影响，而社交焦虑（β = -0.19，P = 0.02）显示出中度间接影响。
行为因素可预测大学生对牙齿和面部美学的自我认知。临床医生和教育工作者应意识到这些已确定的影响，这些影响可能反过来影响患者和学生的整体生活质量。
