E-Fatima Jamal, Khan Faez Iqbal, Lai Dakun
School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Department of Biosciences and Bioinformatics, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China.
Heart Rhythm O2. 2025 Feb 25;6(5):720-732. doi: 10.1016/j.hroo.2025.02.015. eCollection 2025 May.
Serum and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1 (SGK1) is a serine/threonine kinase that is involved in various cellular pathways, such as ion transport, cell survival, proliferation, and immune responses. Dysregulation of this enzyme is increasingly being associated with the progression of 2 prominent types of diseases, namely viral infections, such as COVID-19, and cardiovascular disorders, such as atrial fibrillation (AF), positioning it as a potential therapeutic target. With regard to coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19), SGK1 detrimentally affects inflammatory pathways and modulates the cytokine storm, leading to lung tissue damage. Considering this dysregulation, researchers are exploring SGK1 inhibition as a potential strategy for mitigating severe COVID-19 outcomes. SGK1 also regulates pumps and ion channels, significantly affecting cardiac performance in AF. This protein is responsible for promoting fibrosis and inflammation in the cardiac tissue, making it a potential target for reducing atrial fibrillation. SGK1 inhibition offers a new avenue for therapeutic targets against both COVID-19 and AF. This review is aimed at providing a comprehensive overview of SGK1 dysregulation in both diseases, underscoring the urgent need for more preclinical and clinical trials to evaluate effective SGK1 inhibitors for patients with coexisting COVID-19 and AF.
血清和糖皮质激素调节激酶1（SGK1）是一种丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶，参与多种细胞途径，如离子转运、细胞存活、增殖和免疫反应。这种酶的失调越来越多地与两种主要疾病的进展相关，即病毒感染，如2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19），以及心血管疾病，如心房颤动（AF），这使其成为一个潜在的治疗靶点。关于2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19），SGK1对炎症途径产生有害影响并调节细胞因子风暴，导致肺组织损伤。考虑到这种失调，研究人员正在探索抑制SGK1作为减轻严重COVID-19后果的潜在策略。SGK1还调节泵和离子通道，显著影响心房颤动时的心脏功能。这种蛋白质负责促进心脏组织中的纤维化和炎症，使其成为减少心房颤动的潜在靶点。抑制SGK1为针对COVID-19和心房颤动的治疗靶点提供了一条新途径。这篇综述旨在全面概述SGK1在这两种疾病中的失调情况，强调迫切需要更多的临床前和临床试验来评估针对同时患有COVID-19和心房颤动的患者的有效SGK1抑制剂。
