Salthammer Tunga, Moriske Heinz-Jörn
Fraunhofer WKI Department of Material Analysis and Indoor Chemistry Braunschweig Germany.
Formerly German Federal Environment Agency Dessau-Roßlau Germany.
Public Health Chall. 2023 Jan 20;2(1):e59. doi: 10.1002/puh2.59. eCollection 2023 Mar.
The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in many live events being canceled or held without spectator participation. As a result, a series of investigations were carried out and strategies developed to determine the requirements under which cultural activities can be maintained. This work summarizes published studies and provides recommendations for performing cultural events under pandemic conditions.
The available literature search was evaluated in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. The results were combined with findings, guidelines, and regulations for conducting courses in other indoor environments under pandemic conditions, for example, school classrooms. Recommendations were derived, the consideration of which can enable the continuation of cultural events.
The published studies can only take into account the previous conditions of the pandemic situation with the known virus mutations. However, the number of experimental investigations including analytical and medical proof of infections, surveys, and simulations is comparatively small. This is due to the complexity of the events as well as the priority and urgency of the school issue. Cultural events take place under very different conditions. It is therefore practically impossible to predict the risk of infection for a specific situation with many potential virus spreaders attending or to derive general rules that go beyond the known measures of vaccination, testing, masks, and distance.
Cultural events can be held under pandemic conditions provided certain requirements are met. Most study results agree on this. Any recommendations on hygiene, safety, and ventilation measures in cultural facilities under pandemic conditions can reduce the risk of infection but cannot completely eliminate it. It is also of considerable importance that visitors protect themselves individually and act responsibly.
新冠疫情导致许多现场活动被取消或在没有观众参与的情况下举行。因此，开展了一系列调查并制定了策略，以确定维持文化活动的条件。这项工作总结了已发表的研究，并为在疫情条件下举办文化活动提供建议。
根据系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目对现有文献检索进行评估。将结果与在疫情条件下在其他室内环境（如学校教室）开展课程的研究结果、指南和规定相结合。得出了一些建议，考虑这些建议有助于文化活动的持续开展。
已发表的研究只能考虑到疫情形势下已知病毒突变的先前情况。然而，包括感染的分析和医学证据、调查及模拟在内的实验研究数量相对较少。这是由于活动的复杂性以及学校问题的优先级和紧迫性。文化活动在非常不同的条件下举行。因此，实际上不可能预测在有许多潜在病毒传播者参加的特定情况下的感染风险，也无法得出超出已知的疫苗接种、检测、口罩和保持距离措施的一般规则。
只要满足一定要求，文化活动在疫情条件下可以举行。大多数研究结果都认同这一点。关于疫情条件下文化设施卫生、安全和通风措施的任何建议都可以降低感染风险，但不能完全消除风险。同样重要的是，参观者要做好个人防护并负起责任。
