Ali Masum, Amin Md Ruhul, Jarl Johan, Saha Sanjib
Poverty, Gender, and Inclusion International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) Dhaka Bangladesh.
Institute of Nutrition and Food Science (INFS) University of Dhaka Dhaka Bangladesh.
Public Health Chall. 2024 Jan 15;3(1):e148. doi: 10.1002/puh2.148. eCollection 2024 Mar.
We investigated the change of the prevalence of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in Bangladesh from 2011 to 2018 across different socioeconomic groups as well as the factors associated with the changes in prevalence. We used the two waves of the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Surveys conducted in 2011 and 2017-2018. Modified Poisson regression model was used to estimate the prevalence rate and ratio of NCDs and to test the association with different demographic and socioeconomic variables. The study found an upward trend of NCDs from 2011 to 2017 in which overweight and obesity, hypertension, and diabetes increased by 1.8, 1.5, and 1.1 times, respectively. In 2011, people from the richest households had 5.6 higher odds of being overweight compared to the poorest, which was reduced to 3.0 in 2017. However, the increment for overweight and hypertension was the highest among the poor and manual workers from 2011 to 2017. The age-adjusted prevalence ratio of overweight increased 4.4 times for the poorest, compared to 1.7 times for the richest. For manual workers, overweight increased 3.8 times, whereas hypertension increased by 2.4 times. The pooled analysis revealed that participants from the richest households have the highest risk of NCDs, with 3.3 times for overweight, 2.3 times for diabetes, and 1.3 times for hypertension, compared to the poorest. However, the prevalence of NCDs is rising quickly among the low socioeconomic groups in Bangladesh, narrowing the gap with higher socioeconomic groups. Our findings call for immediate policy interventions and targeted programs to curb NCD escalation in Bangladesh.
我们调查了2011年至2018年孟加拉国不同社会经济群体中非传染性疾病（NCDs）患病率的变化以及与患病率变化相关的因素。我们使用了2011年以及2017 - 2018年进行的两轮孟加拉国人口与健康调查。采用修正泊松回归模型来估计非传染性疾病的患病率和比率，并检验与不同人口统计学和社会经济变量的关联。研究发现，2011年至2017年非传染性疾病呈上升趋势，其中超重和肥胖、高血压以及糖尿病分别增加了1.8倍、1.5倍和1.1倍。2011年，最富有家庭的人超重几率比最贫困家庭的人高5.6倍，到2017年这一比例降至3.0倍。然而，2011年至2017年期间，贫困人群和体力劳动者中超重和高血压的增幅最大。最贫困人群中年龄调整后的超重患病率比率增加了4.4倍，而最富有家庭为1.7倍。对于体力劳动者，超重增加了3.8倍，而高血压增加了2.4倍。汇总分析显示，与最贫困家庭相比，最富有家庭的参与者患非传染性疾病的风险最高，超重风险是其3.3倍，糖尿病是其2.3倍，高血压是其1.3倍。然而，孟加拉国社会经济地位较低群体中非传染性疾病的患病率正在迅速上升，与社会经济地位较高群体的差距正在缩小。我们的研究结果呼吁立即采取政策干预措施和针对性项目，以遏制孟加拉国非传染性疾病的升级。
