Statistics Discipline, Science, Engineering and Technology School, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh.
Department of Community Health and Hygiene, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, Bangladesh.
PLoS One. 2022 May 3;17(5):e0267243. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267243. eCollection 2022.
The evolving pandemic of non-communicable diseases like hypertension, diabetes mellitus are globally on the rise, and the trend is also escalating in Bangladesh. We aimed to assess the prevalence trend and associated factors of hypertension (HTN), diabetes mellitus (DM), and hypertension- diabetes mellitus combined (HDC) among Bangladeshi adults from 2011 to 2018. Two nationally representative cross-sectional data from Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS): 2011 and 2017-18 were utilized. According to baseline characteristics, the average annual rate of change (AARC) was applied to quantify the annual rate of increase/decrease in HTN, DM, and HDC from 2011 to 2018. The prevalence ratios of HTN, DM, and HDC were assessed through modified Poisson regression with robust error variance (PR, 95% Confidence Interval (CI)). The data were prepared in SPSS version 23 and exported to Stata version 13 for further analysis. Among 11,686 participants, the overall mean age of the study participants was 52.79 years, Standard Deviation (SD)±12.99, and 42.28% were female. From 2011-2018, HTN, DM, and HDC prevalence in Bangladesh has increased by 13, 3.2, and 3.1 percentage points, respectively. The average annual rate of increase was observed in the HTN and HDC prevalence by all socio-economic and demographic categories during 2011-2018. The prevalence of HDC among Chittagong residents was approximately double in 2018: 3.95% (2011) versus 6.59% (2018). Increased age, inactive workers, overweight adults, and adults in wealthy families were common risk factors associated with HTN, DM, and HDC in Bangladesh. The prevalence of developing HTN and HDC was significantly higher among adults aged ≥ 70 years (PR: 2.70, 95% CI: 2.42-3.00; PR: 2.97, 95% CI: 2.08-4.24, respectively). A comprehensive approach of different stakeholders is required to develop appropriate strategies, including appropriate weight management, adequate physical activity, and healthier food habits. Health agencies should take initiatives to spread awareness among people at an early age, but special attention is needed for older people and those at risk for NCDs.
不断演变的非传染性疾病（如高血压、糖尿病）在全球范围内呈上升趋势，这一趋势在孟加拉国也在加剧。我们旨在评估 2011 年至 2018 年期间孟加拉国成年人高血压（HTN）、糖尿病（DM）和高血压-糖尿病合并症（HDC）的患病率趋势和相关因素。本研究使用了来自孟加拉国人口与健康调查（BDHS）的两项具有全国代表性的横断面数据：2011 年和 2017-18 年。根据基线特征，应用平均年度变化率（AARC）来量化 2011 年至 2018 年 HTN、DM 和 HDC 的年增长率/下降率。通过具有稳健误差方差的修正泊松回归（PR，95%置信区间（CI））评估 HTN、DM 和 HDC 的患病率比。数据在 SPSS 版本 23 中准备，并导出到 Stata 版本 13 进行进一步分析。在 11686 名参与者中，研究参与者的总体平均年龄为 52.79 岁，标准差（SD）±12.99，42.28%为女性。2011 年至 2018 年期间，孟加拉国的 HTN、DM 和 HDC 患病率分别增加了 13%、3.2%和 3.1%。2011-2018 年间，所有社会经济和人口统计学类别中 HTN 和 HDC 的患病率均呈年均增长率。2018 年，吉大港居民的 HDC 患病率几乎翻了一番：2011 年为 3.95%，2018 年为 6.59%。年龄增长、不活跃的工人、超重成年人和富裕家庭的成年人是与孟加拉国 HTN、DM 和 HDC 相关的常见危险因素。≥70 岁的成年人中发展为 HTN 和 HDC 的患病率显著更高（PR：2.70，95%CI：2.42-3.00；PR：2.97，95%CI：2.08-4.24）。需要不同利益相关者采取综合方法制定适当的策略，包括适当的体重管理、充分的身体活动和更健康的饮食习惯。卫生机构应主动在早期向人们宣传，但特别需要关注老年人和患非传染性疾病风险较高的人群。
