人分化脂肪细胞作为替代成熟脂肪细胞用于脂肪细胞衍生细胞外囊泡分析

Human Differentiated Adipocytes as Surrogate Mature Adipocytes for Adipocyte-Derived Extracellular Vesicle Analysis.

作者信息

Hade Mangesh Dattu, Butsch Bradley L, Loreto Palacio Paola, Nguyen Kim Truc, Shantaram Dharti, Noria Sabrena F, Brethauer Stacy A, Needleman Bradley J, Hsueh Willa, Reátegui Eduardo, Magaña Setty M

机构信息

Department of Pediatrics, Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH 43202, USA.

Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.

出版信息

Cells. 2025 May 22;14(11):757. doi: 10.3390/cells14110757.

Abstract

Obesity is a growing global health concern, contributing to diseases such as cancer, autoimmune disorders, and neurodegenerative conditions. Adipose tissue dysfunction, characterized by abnormal adipokine secretion and chronic inflammation, plays a key role in these conditions. Adipose-derived extracellular vesicles (ADEVs) have emerged as critical mediators in obesity-related diseases. However, the study of mature adipocyte-derived EVs (mAdipo-EVs) is limited due to the short lifespan of mature adipocytes in culture, low EV yields, and the low abundance of these EV subpopulations in the circulation. Additionally, most studies rely on rodent models, which have differences in adipose tissue biology compared to humans. To overcome these challenges, we developed a standardized approach for differentiating human preadipocytes (preAdipos) into mature differentiated adipocytes (difAdipos), which produce high-yield, human adipocyte EVs (Adipo-EVs). Using visceral adipose tissue from bariatric surgical patients, we isolated the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) and differentiated preAdipos into difAdipos. Brightfield microscopy revealed that difAdipos exhibited morphological characteristics comparable to mature adipocytes (mAdipos) directly isolated from visceral adipose tissue, confirming their structural similarity. Additionally, qPCR analysis demonstrated decreased preadipocyte markers and increased mature adipocyte markers, further validating successful differentiation. Functionally, difAdipos exhibited lipolytic activity comparable to mAdipos, supporting their functional resemblance to native adipocytes. We then isolated preAdipo-EVs and difAdipo-EVs using tangential flow filtration and characterized them using bulk and single EV analysis. DifAdipo-EVs displayed classical EV and adipocyte-specific markers, with significant differences in biomarker expression compared to preAdipo-EVs. These findings demonstrate that difAdipos serve as a reliable surrogate for mature adipocytes, offering a consistent and scalable source of adipocyte-derived EVs for studying obesity and its associated disorders.

摘要

肥胖是一个日益严重的全球健康问题,会引发癌症、自身免疫性疾病和神经退行性疾病等。脂肪组织功能障碍,其特征为脂肪因子分泌异常和慢性炎症,在这些疾病中起关键作用。脂肪来源的细胞外囊泡(ADEVs)已成为肥胖相关疾病的关键介质。然而,由于培养的成熟脂肪细胞寿命短、细胞外囊泡产量低以及这些细胞外囊泡亚群在循环中的丰度低,对成熟脂肪细胞来源的细胞外囊泡(mAdipo-EVs)的研究受到限制。此外,大多数研究依赖啮齿动物模型,与人类相比,其脂肪组织生物学存在差异。为了克服这些挑战,我们开发了一种标准化方法,将人脂肪前体细胞(preAdipos)分化为成熟的分化脂肪细胞(difAdipos),后者可产生高产的人脂肪细胞外囊泡(Adipo-EVs)。我们使用减肥手术患者的内脏脂肪组织,分离出基质血管部分(SVF),并将preAdipos分化为difAdipos。明场显微镜显示,difAdipos表现出与直接从内脏脂肪组织分离的成熟脂肪细胞(mAdipos)相当的形态特征,证实了它们的结构相似性。此外,qPCR分析表明脂肪前体细胞标志物减少,成熟脂肪细胞标志物增加,进一步验证了分化成功。在功能上,difAdipos表现出与mAdipos相当的脂解活性,支持它们与天然脂肪细胞在功能上的相似性。然后,我们使用切向流过滤分离preAdipo-EVs和difAdipo-EVs,并使用整体和单个细胞外囊泡分析对它们进行表征。DifAdipo-EVs显示出经典的细胞外囊泡和脂肪细胞特异性标志物,与preAdipo-EVs相比,生物标志物表达存在显著差异。这些发现表明,difAdipos可作为成熟脂肪细胞的可靠替代物,为研究肥胖及其相关疾病提供一致且可扩展的脂肪细胞来源的细胞外囊泡。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/098e/12153563/1c02431ac55e/cells-14-00757-g001.jpg

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