Pires Rúben S, Santos Mafalda S, Miguel Filipe, da Silva Cláudia L, Silva João Carlos
Department of Bioengineering, iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
Cells. 2025 Jun 4;14(11):840. doi: 10.3390/cells14110840.
The tooth and its supporting periodontium are essential structures of the oral cavity, frequently compromised by conditions such as dental defects, aries, and periodontal diseases, which, if poorly treated, often lead to tooth loss. These conditions, affecting billions of people worldwide, remain significant healthcare and socio-economic challenges. Regenerative dentistry has emerged as a possible therapeutic option, leveraging advances in tissue engineering (TE), stem cell biology, and biophysical stimulation. Oral tissue-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (OMSCs) hold great potential for dental and periodontal regeneration. Electrical stimulation (ES), a biophysical cue known to regulate key cellular behaviors such as migration, proliferation, and differentiation, has gained increasing attention for enhancing the therapeutic capacities of OMSCs. This review explores the biological properties of OMSCs under ES, its role in regenerative dentistry, and recent breakthroughs in ES-based dental and periodontal TE strategies. Furthermore, the current challenges and future directions for translating these innovative approaches into clinical practice are discussed.
牙齿及其支持性牙周组织是口腔的重要结构，常因牙齿缺损、龋齿和牙周疾病等状况而受损，若治疗不当，往往会导致牙齿脱落。这些影响全球数十亿人的状况，仍然是重大的医疗保健和社会经济挑战。再生牙科已成为一种可能的治疗选择，它利用了组织工程（TE）、干细胞生物学和生物物理刺激方面的进展。口腔组织来源的间充质干/基质细胞（OMSCs）在牙齿和牙周再生方面具有巨大潜力。电刺激（ES）作为一种已知可调节迁移、增殖和分化等关键细胞行为的生物物理信号，在增强OMSCs的治疗能力方面越来越受到关注。本综述探讨了ES作用下OMSCs的生物学特性、其在再生牙科中的作用以及基于ES的牙齿和牙周组织工程策略的最新突破。此外，还讨论了将这些创新方法转化为临床实践的当前挑战和未来方向。
