Rodrigues Flávio, Rodrigues da Silva Mariana, Silva Filipe S, Madeira Sara, Carvalho Óscar
Center for Micro-Electro Mechanical Systems (CMEMS), University of Minho, Campus de Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal.
J Funct Biomater. 2024 Jul 17;15(7):197. doi: 10.3390/jfb15070197.
The prevalence of complications due to the presence of biofilms in dental implant surfaces and their relationship with peri-implant diseases, namely peri-implantitis, remain difficult problems to overcome. The information available about the application of electric current on dental implant biofilms; its parameters, namely current level, voltage and exposure time; and related effects are still not enough to understand which individual mechanisms are caused by this technique, culminating in the decrease or eradication of the biofilm. The purpose of this narrative review, based on a systematic search, is to understand the effect of electric current directly applied to biofilms present in dental implants and which parameters are used. For the systematic search, electronic databases including MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, up to and including November 2023, were searched. Seven studies were included. A 12-item checklist was used to assess their methodological quality. All studies used direct/constant electric current; however, that use was not achieved by the same protocol/set-up. Parameters such as current, voltage, resistance, and actuation time were different in all studies. Monospecies and multi-species biofilm were used in the substrate made of titanium. The results indicate that the use of constant and alternating electric current directly applied to dental implant's surfaces is a promising way to treat problems related to biofilms and peri-implant diseases. Future trials, namely in vivo tests, are necessary to reveal all the potential of this treatment.
由于牙种植体表面生物膜的存在而导致的并发症的发生率及其与种植体周围疾病（即种植体周炎）的关系，仍然是难以克服的问题。关于电流在牙种植体生物膜上的应用；其参数，即电流水平、电压和暴露时间；以及相关影响的现有信息仍不足以了解该技术引发了哪些个体机制，最终导致生物膜的减少或根除。本叙述性综述基于系统检索，旨在了解直接施加于牙种植体生物膜的电流的效果以及所使用的参数。为了进行系统检索，我们检索了包括MEDLINE/PubMed、Scopus和Web of Science在内的电子数据库，检索时间截至2023年11月。共纳入七项研究。使用了一份包含12项的清单来评估它们的方法学质量。所有研究均使用直接/恒定电流；然而，并非通过相同的方案/设置来实现。所有研究中的电流、电压、电阻和启动时间等参数均有所不同。在由钛制成的基质中使用了单菌种和多菌种生物膜。结果表明，直接施加于牙种植体表面的恒定电流和交变电流的使用是治疗与生物膜和种植体周围疾病相关问题的一种有前景的方法。未来的试验，即体内试验，对于揭示这种治疗方法的所有潜力是必要的。
