玉米花药中21核苷酸phasiRNAs对靶标mRNA切割的时空调控
Spatiotemporal regulation of target mRNA cleavage by 21-nt phasiRNAs in maize anthers.
作者信息
Lian Bi, Huang Tianxiao, Huang Wei, Jiang Pengfei, Jin Weiwei, Qi Yijun
机构信息
Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
State Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, National Maize Improvement Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
出版信息
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2025 Jun 17;122(24):e2422647122. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2422647122. Epub 2025 Jun 11.
21-nt phasiRNAs are abundantly expressed in anthers and play crucial roles in anther development and male reproduction in grasses. In maize, the target genes that 21-nt phasiRNAs regulate remain largely unknown. Here, we show that 21-nt phasiRNAs direct the cleavage of hundreds of target mRNAs in maize. Interestingly, while 21-nt phasiRNAs in anthers (somatic anther wall cells) do not have obvious preference for a particular nucleotide at the 5' end and target genes implicated in stress response and cellular homeostasis, 21-nt phasiRNAs in male germ cells preferentially initiate with 5' C and target genes related to meiotic processes in a ZmAGO5c-dependent manner. Our results indicate that mRNA cleavage is a conserved mechanism used by 21-nt phasiRNAs for gene regulation in grasses. However, the sequences of 21-nt phasiRNAs and their targets show little conservation in maize and rice, suggesting that loci and 21-nt phasiRNA targets have undergone fast divergence in grasses.
21个核苷酸的相位小干扰RNA（phasiRNAs）在花药中大量表达，在禾本科植物的花药发育和雄性生殖中发挥关键作用。在玉米中，21个核苷酸的phasiRNAs调控的靶基因在很大程度上仍不清楚。在此，我们表明21个核苷酸的phasiRNAs指导玉米中数百个靶mRNA的切割。有趣的是，虽然花药（体细胞花药壁细胞）中的21个核苷酸的phasiRNAs在5'端对特定核苷酸没有明显偏好，且其靶基因涉及应激反应和细胞稳态，但雄性生殖细胞中的21个核苷酸的phasiRNAs优先以5'C起始，并以依赖ZmAGO5c的方式靶向与减数分裂过程相关的基因。我们的结果表明，mRNA切割是21个核苷酸的phasiRNAs在禾本科植物中用于基因调控的一种保守机制。然而，21个核苷酸的phasiRNAs及其靶标的序列在玉米和水稻中几乎没有保守性，这表明禾本科植物中的基因座和21个核苷酸的phasiRNA靶标已经发生了快速分化。
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