Liang Minshu, Kabiri Shervin, McLaughlin Michael John, Navarro Divina
Adelaide University, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia.
Adelaide University, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia.
Sci Total Environ. 2025 Aug 10;989:179835. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179835. Epub 2025 Jun 10.
Activated carbon (AC) has been widely used to remediate soil contamination caused by per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Groundcover by vegetation has also shown potential in limiting off-site movement of PFAS from contaminated sites. However, the effectiveness of AC and groundcover in mitigating PFAS migration from soil has not been adequately studied. A rainfall simulation was conducted to investigate the migration of PFAS from PFAS-spiked soil via leaching, runoff and suspended materials during storm events. The efficiency of two AC sorbents (1 % w/w) and groundcover (perennial ryegrass) individually or together were evaluated as PFAS remediation techniques. On average, AC reduced perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) concentrations by 91 % in leachates and 85 % in runoff. Groundcover reduced PFOS concentrations by 44 % in leachates and 43 % in runoff. The combined use of both AC and groundcover reduced PFAS concentration by 94 % in leachates and 86 % in runoff. Though its efficacy was lower than AC, groundcover was able to mitigate the movement of short-chain PFAS, e.g. perfluorobutanesulfonate. A significant proportion of PFAS migration was mitigated via plant uptake when plants are present, reducing the amount of PFAS in leachates and runoff. This study suggests that a combination of AC and groundcover could be a more effective method of reducing PFAS migration during storm events.
活性炭（AC）已被广泛用于修复由全氟和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）造成的土壤污染。植被覆盖也显示出在限制PFAS从污染场地向外迁移方面的潜力。然而，AC和植被覆盖在减轻PFAS从土壤中迁移方面的有效性尚未得到充分研究。进行了降雨模拟，以调查在暴雨事件期间PFAS从添加了PFAS的土壤中通过淋溶、径流和悬浮物的迁移情况。评估了两种AC吸附剂（1% w/w）和植被覆盖（多年生黑麦草）单独或联合作为PFAS修复技术的效率。平均而言，AC使渗滤液中全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS）浓度降低了91%，径流中降低了85%。植被覆盖使渗滤液中PFOS浓度降低了44%，径流中降低了43%。AC和植被覆盖联合使用使渗滤液中PFAS浓度降低了94%，径流中降低了86%。虽然植被覆盖的效果低于AC，但它能够减轻短链PFAS（如全氟丁烷磺酸）的迁移。当有植物存在时，相当一部分PFAS迁移通过植物吸收得到缓解，减少了渗滤液和径流中PFAS的量。这项研究表明，AC和植被覆盖相结合可能是在暴雨事件期间减少PFAS迁移的更有效方法。
