Baillie Hannah T, Tinker Lesley F, An Peng, Brasky Theodore M, Liu Simin, Manson JoAnn E, Snetselaar Linda, Tabung Fred K, Lampe Johanna W, Neuhouser Marian L
Department of Food Systems, Nutrition, and Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.
Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, United States.
J Nutr. 2025 Aug;155(8):2745-2754. doi: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.06.003. Epub 2025 Jun 9.
Dietary supplement use is common among older adults; however, the association between supplement use and corresponding nutrient biomarkers in this population is less well understood.
This study aimed to determine whether older women using dietary supplements had higher serum concentrations of corresponding biomarkers and whether those using multiple supplement sources of the nutrient had incrementally higher serum nutrient concentrations.
Participants from the Women's Health Initiative enrolled in a 2-wk feeding study (n = 153). Women consumed an individualized menu and maintained intake of usual dietary supplements. Serum vitamin B12, lutein + zeaxanthin, and phospholipid fatty acids were measured at the end of the feeding period. Multiple linear regression of dietary supplement use, and participant characteristics on log-transformed serum biomarker concentrations was used to evaluate the association. One-way analysis of variance determined whether there were significant differences in mean serum biomarkers among participants based on the number of sources of a nutrient consumed via dietary supplement.
In multiple linear regression models (n = 152), users of vitamin B12 supplements had 58% higher geometric mean serum concentrations of vitamin B12 than nonusers (P < 0.001). Users of omega-3 fatty acid dietary supplements had geometric mean serum phospholipid docosahexaenoic acid + eicosapentaenoic acid that were 38%-46% higher than nonusers (P < 0.0001). In contrast, use of lutein + zeaxanthin-containing supplements was not associated with serum lutein + zeaxanthin (P = 0.72). Users of 2 sources of vitamin B12 and lutein + zeaxanthin-containing dietary supplements had higher corresponding serum biomarkers than users of only a multivitamin and users of neither (P < 0.0001).
The use of vitamin B12 and omega-3 fatty acid supplements were associated with higher serum biomarkers, respectively. Dietary supplements containing lutein + zeaxanthin may not increase serum biomarkers among postmenopausal women.
This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00000611.
膳食补充剂在老年人中使用普遍；然而，该人群中补充剂使用与相应营养素生物标志物之间的关联尚不清楚。
本研究旨在确定使用膳食补充剂的老年女性血清中相应生物标志物浓度是否更高，以及使用多种该营养素补充剂来源的女性血清营养素浓度是否会相应升高。
来自女性健康倡议组织的参与者参加了一项为期2周的喂养研究（n = 153）。女性食用个性化菜单并维持其通常膳食补充剂的摄入量。在喂养期结束时测量血清维生素B12、叶黄素+玉米黄质和磷脂脂肪酸。使用膳食补充剂使用情况和参与者特征对血清生物标志物浓度进行对数转换后的多元线性回归来评估这种关联。单因素方差分析确定了根据通过膳食补充剂摄入的营养素来源数量，参与者之间血清生物标志物的平均值是否存在显著差异。
在多元线性回归模型（n = 152）中，维生素B12补充剂使用者血清维生素B12的几何平均浓度比非使用者高58%（P < 0.001）。ω-3脂肪酸膳食补充剂使用者血清磷脂二十二碳六烯酸+二十碳五烯酸的几何平均浓度比非使用者高38%-46%（P < 0.0001）。相比之下，使用含叶黄素+玉米黄质的补充剂与血清叶黄素+玉米黄质无关（P = 0.72）。使用两种维生素B12和含叶黄素+玉米黄质膳食补充剂来源的使用者，其相应血清生物标志物水平高于仅使用复合维生素的使用者和两者都不使用者（P < 0.0001）。
维生素B12和ω-3脂肪酸补充剂的使用分别与较高的血清生物标志物有关。含叶黄素+玉米黄质的膳食补充剂可能不会增加绝经后女性的血清生物标志物。
本试验在clinicaltrials.gov上注册，注册号为NCT00000611。
