Ounjaijean Sakaewan, Somsak Voravuth
Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand.
Scientifica (Cairo). 2025 Jun 4;2025:7344444. doi: 10.1155/sci5/7344444. eCollection 2025.
Malaria remains a global health challenge, exacerbated by the emergence of drug-resistant strains. This study evaluates the antimalarial activity of stem bark extract and its combination with artesunate (ART) in -infected mice. The extraction yield using hexane at a 1:5 (w/v) ratio was 7.8% w/w. Acute toxicity assessment indicated no mortality or adverse effects at doses up to 2000 mg/kg. In suppressive activity tests, stem bark extract exhibited dose-dependent efficacy, achieving 13.3%, 36.4%, and 52.5% parasitemia inhibition at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, respectively, with significant inhibition at higher doses ( < 0.05 and < 0.01). ART showed 90.7% suppression ( < 0.001). In curative tests, the extract at 400 mg/kg reduced parasitemia by 31.0% ( < 0.05), while ART achieved 75.3% suppression ( < 0.001). The effective dose (ED) values were 404.9 mg/kg for stem bark extract and 2.03 mg/kg for ART. Combination treatments at ED ratios of 40/60 and 20/80 (extract/ART) resulted in 65.9% ( < 0.01) and 81.7% ( < 0.001) inhibition, respectively, with the 20/80 ratio showing a significant synergistic interaction (CI = 0.44121). The mean survival time (MST) for the untreated group was 12.2 ± 1.9 days. stem bark extract and ART alone extended MST to 21.4 ± 2.4 and 21.8 ± 2.4 days, respectively ( < 0.05), while the 20/80 combination achieved the longest MST of 28.6 ± 1.7 days ( < 0.01; < 0.05 vs. monotherapies). These findings highlight the potential of stem bark extract as a complementary antimalarial agent when used with ART, offering a promising approach for combating drug-resistant malaria.
疟疾仍然是一项全球性的健康挑战，耐药菌株的出现使其更加严峻。本研究评估了茎皮提取物及其与青蒿琥酯（ART）联合用药对感染疟疾小鼠的抗疟活性。以1:5（w/v）的比例使用己烷提取，得率为7.8% w/w。急性毒性评估表明，在高达2000mg/kg的剂量下无死亡或不良反应。在抑制活性试验中，茎皮提取物表现出剂量依赖性疗效，在100、200和400mg/kg剂量下，疟原虫血症抑制率分别达到13.3%、36.4%和52.5%，较高剂量时有显著抑制作用（<0.05和<0.01）。ART显示出90.7%的抑制率（<0.001）。在治疗试验中，400mg/kg的提取物使疟原虫血症降低了31.0%（<0.05），而ART达到了75.3%的抑制率（<0.001）。茎皮提取物的有效剂量（ED）值为404.9mg/kg，ART为2.03mg/kg。以40/60和20/80（提取物/ART）的ED比例联合治疗分别导致65.9%（<0.01）和81.7%（<0.001）的抑制率，20/80比例显示出显著的协同相互作用（CI = 0.44121）。未治疗组的平均生存时间（MST）为12.2±1.9天。单独使用茎皮提取物和ART分别将MST延长至21.4±2.4天和21.8±2.4天（<0.05），而20/80组合的MST最长，为28.
