Basazinew Eyoel, Dejene Haileyesus, Dagnaw Gashaw Getaneh, Lakew Asres Zegeye, Gessese Abebe Tesfaye
Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Department of Veterinary Epidemiology and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Front Vet Sci. 2025 May 28;12:1538963. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2025.1538963. eCollection 2025.
Salmonellosis has a significant impact on the chicken production industry and is becoming a serious threat to public health. However, there is no systematic and inclusive report on the prevalence, associated risk factors, and antimicrobial resistance of chicken salmonellosis in Ethiopia. Therefore, the objective of this study was to estimate the pooled prevalence, identify possible risk factors, and assess antimicrobial resistance of in poultry farms across Ethiopia. Studies were identified from databases such as Medline/PubMed, ScienceDirect/Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Science Pub. The overall literature review and quantitative synthesis were conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. Overall, data extraction was conducted using Microsoft Excel, and statistical analysis was performed using R software. A total of 12 articles, published between August 2017 and October 2024, were included in the final quantitative synthesis. A random-effects meta-regression model was employed to estimate the pooled prevalence. The overall pooled prevalence of poultry salmonellosis was 12.46% (95% CI: 8.44, 16.48), with high heterogeneity (I = 97%, = 0.0041, < 0.01). The subgroup meta-analysis of the study area showed that the prevalence proportion was higher in western Ethiopia, at 23.18% (95% CI: 8.96-37.39%). Based on the purpose of production, the highest pooled prevalence was observed in broilers at 28.23% (95% CI: 19.97-36.49%), while the highest prevalence based on age was in poultry under 6 months, at 14.45% (95% CI: 8.92-19.99%). Additionally, higher prevalence proportions were observed in local breeds and the Cobb 500 variety, with prevalence rates of 39.78% (95% CI: 19.50-60.06%) and 45.26% (95% CI: 23.44-67.08%), respectively. The highest pooled resistance levels for antimicrobials were observed against tetracycline (75%) (95% CI: 70-79%) and oxytetracycline (64%) (95% CI: 56-71%), while the lowest pooled resistance levels were against cefotaxime (3%) (95% CI: 0-7%) and gentamycin (6%) (95% CI: 4-9%). The results of the publication bias analysis showed the presence of asymmetry in the slope distribution, with no statistical difference. In conclusion, poultry salmonellosis is highly prevalent in Ethiopia. So, it is crucial to increase biosecurity and implement prevention and control methods to safeguard the health of poultry and humans in Ethiopia.
沙门氏菌病对鸡肉生产行业有重大影响，并且正成为对公众健康的严重威胁。然而，关于埃塞俄比亚鸡肉沙门氏菌病的流行情况、相关风险因素和抗菌药物耐药性，尚无系统且全面的报告。因此，本研究的目的是估计埃塞俄比亚各地家禽养殖场中沙门氏菌病的合并流行率，识别可能的风险因素，并评估抗菌药物耐药性。研究是从Medline/PubMed、ScienceDirect/Scopus、谷歌学术、科学网和科学出版社等数据库中识别出来的。总体文献综述和定量综合分析是按照PRISMA指南进行的。总体而言，使用Microsoft Excel进行数据提取，并使用R软件进行统计分析。最终的定量综合分析纳入了2017年8月至2024年10月期间发表的12篇文章。采用随机效应元回归模型来估计合并流行率。家禽沙门氏菌病的总体合并流行率为12.46%（95%置信区间：8.44, 16.48），异质性较高（I = 97%，p = 0.0041，p < 0.01）。研究区域的亚组元分析表明，埃塞俄比亚西部的流行率较高，为23.18%（95%置信区间：8.96 - 37.39%）。根据生产目的，肉鸡的合并流行率最高，为28.23%（95%置信区间：19.97 - 36.49%），而基于年龄的最高流行率出现在6个月以下的家禽中，为14.45%（95%置信区间：8.92 - 19.99%）。此外，本地品种和科宝500品种的流行率较高，分别为39.78%（95%置信区间：19.50 - 60.06%）和45.26%（95%置信区间：23.44 - 67.08%）。观察到对抗菌药物的最高合并耐药水平是针对四环素（75%）（95%置信区间：70 - 79%）和土霉素（64%）（95%置信区间：56 - 71%），而最低合并耐药水平是针对头孢噻肟（3%）（95%置信区间：0 - 7%）和庆大霉素（6%）（95%置信区间：4 - 9%）。发表偏倚分析结果显示斜率分布存在不对称性，但无统计学差异。总之，家禽沙门氏菌病在埃塞俄比亚高度流行。因此，加强生物安全措施并实施预防和控制方法对于保障埃塞俄比亚家禽和人类的健康至关重要。
