Boffano Paolo, Stathopoulos Panagiotis, Ruslin Muhammad
Department of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.
Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2025 Jul;77(7):2711-2718. doi: 10.1007/s12070-025-05552-y. Epub 2025 May 16.
Odontogenic myxoma (OM) is an intraosseous benign mesenchymal odontogenic neoplasm. It is slow-growing and it may determine an extensive and painless expansion of the bone. The aim of the present article is to review the literature regarding the pathological features of OM as well as the genetic, pathogenetic, and molecular aspects of this neoplasm. An electronic search of the search terms "oral myxoma" and "odontogenic myxoma" was performed in the PubMed and Scopus databases for articles published between January 1990 and July 2024. Based on the abstracts of the articles, the articles were included or excluded in the review. Finally, data were extracted from the selected articles. Demographic data, number of patients, localization of OMs, and pathological features were extracted from the studies. The systematic review showed that OM affects patients at an average age of 8.1-40.1 years, with a female and mandibular predilection. Most study populations have a mean age within the 20-29 years and the 30-39 years decades. Most of the case series presented conventional microscopic findings, including stellate to spindle-shaped cells in a loose mucoid and/or myxoid extracellular stroma with sparse collagen fibrils. Most of the included articles confirmed the positivity to vimentin and SMA, the negativity to GFAP, keratin, NSE, and S-100. The invasive behavior of OMs has not been clarified yet. Further studies about biomarkers related to OM development and invasiveness are needed, in order to develop new therapeutical conservative approaches for this locally aggressive neoplasm.
牙源性黏液瘤（OM）是一种骨内良性间叶性牙源性肿瘤。它生长缓慢，可能导致骨骼广泛无痛性膨胀。本文的目的是综述关于OM病理特征以及该肿瘤的遗传、发病机制和分子方面的文献。在PubMed和Scopus数据库中对搜索词“口腔黏液瘤”和“牙源性黏液瘤”进行电子检索，以查找1990年1月至2024年7月发表的文章。根据文章摘要，将文章纳入或排除在综述中。最后，从选定的文章中提取数据。从研究中提取人口统计学数据、患者数量、OM的定位和病理特征。系统评价表明，OM影响平均年龄在8.1 - 40.1岁的患者，女性和下颌骨更易受累。大多数研究人群的平均年龄在20 - 29岁和30 - 39岁这两个年龄段。大多数病例系列呈现出传统的显微镜下表现，包括在疏松的黏液样和/或黏液样细胞外基质中呈星状至梭形的细胞，伴有稀疏的胶原纤维。大多数纳入的文章证实波形蛋白和平滑肌肌动蛋白呈阳性，胶质纤维酸性蛋白、角蛋白、神经元特异性烯醇化酶和S - 100呈阴性。OM的侵袭行为尚未明确。需要进一步研究与OM发生和侵袭相关的生物标志物，以便为这种局部侵袭性肿瘤开发新的保守治疗方法。
