Thulin Elyse Joan, Kernsmith Poco, Fleming Paul J, Heinze Justin E, Temple Jeff, Smith-Darden Joanne
University of Michigan, School of Medicine, United States.
Wayne State University, School of Social Work, United States.
Comput Human Behav. 2023 Apr;141. doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2022.107641. Epub 2022 Dec 29.
Electronic coercion - a form of dating violence whereby one partner aims to elicit explicit text, photo or video content from their dating partner - is associated with negative longitudinal sequelae related to depressive symptomatology and delinquency. Though prevalence rates as well as trajectory of engagement in electronic coercion have previously been reported, less is known about timing and prevalence of initial exposure and what predicts initial exposure. Using data drawn from the four year prospective longitudinal Strengthening Healthy Adolescent Relationships and Environments Study, Kaplan Meier survival analyses were employed to study initial exposure to electronic coercion perpetration in two cohorts of youth (total n = 1000), aged 12 to 15, and 15 to 18, respectively over four years. Cox Hazards models were utilized to evaluate if covariates reported at age 12 predicted sexual coercion hazard between 13 and 15, and which covariates at age 15 predicted sexual coercion hazard between 16 and 18. We found that risk of initial exposure to electronic coercion increases across time. At age 13, 7% of the younger cohort reported initial exposure, rising to 15.3% at age 14, and subsequently, 19.1% by age 15. In the older cohort, 18.6% of 16 year-old youth reported having their initial exposure, increasing to 26.1% at age 17, and to 31.6% at age 18. Risk of electronic coercion perpetration between age 13 and 15 was predicted by higher frequency of electronic use, greater engagement in dating behaviors, electronic harassment in teen dating relationships, and greater lifetime consumption of pornography. Risk of electronic coercion perpetration between age 15 and 18 was predicted by higher numbers of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and greater engagement in dating behaviors reported at age 15. Greater engagement in dating behaviors (including sexual behaviors) was significant for both cohorts, while electronically mediated violence (e.g., electronic harassment and greater consumption of pornography) may be an important early predictor for pre-adolescent youth. Prevention activities should start prior to age 13 given the ramping up of risk through midadolescence.
电子胁迫——一种约会暴力形式，即一方旨在从其约会对象那里获取明确的文字、照片或视频内容——与抑郁症状和犯罪行为相关的负面纵向后果有关。尽管此前已有关于电子胁迫的发生率以及参与轨迹的报道，但对于初次接触的时间和发生率以及预测初次接触的因素却知之甚少。利用从为期四年的前瞻性纵向研究“加强青少年健康关系与环境研究”中获取的数据，采用卡普兰-迈耶生存分析来研究两组分别为12至15岁和15至18岁的青少年（总计n = 1000）在四年间初次接触电子胁迫行为的情况。使用考克斯风险模型来评估12岁时报告的协变量是否能预测13至15岁之间的性胁迫风险，以及15岁时的哪些协变量能预测16至18岁之间的性胁迫风险。我们发现，初次接触电子胁迫的风险随时间增加。在较年轻的一组中，13岁时7%的人报告初次接触，14岁时升至15.3%，随后到15岁时为19.1%。在较年长的一组中，16岁的青少年中有18.6%报告初次接触，17岁时增至26.1%，18岁时为31.6%。13至15岁之间实施电子胁迫的风险可由更高的电子设备使用频率、更多地参与约会行为、青少年约会关系中的电子骚扰以及更高的色情内容终生消费量来预测。15至18岁之间实施电子胁迫的风险可由更多的童年不良经历（ACEs）以及15岁时报告的更多地参与约会行为来预测。更多地参与约会行为（包括性行为）对两组都有显著影响，而电子媒介暴力（如电子骚扰和更多地消费色情内容）可能是青春期前青少年的一个重要早期预测因素。鉴于到青春期中期风险会增加，预防活动应在13岁之前开始。
