Bradway Meghan, Perestelo-Perez Lilisbeth, Torres-Castaño Alezandra, Wagner Ana Maria Claudia, Álvarez-Malé María Luisa, Zamorano Garlene Beatriz Zamora, Dyb Kari
Norwegian Centre for E-Health Research, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
Evaluation Unit, Canary Islands Health Service, Tenerife, Spain.
PLoS One. 2025 Jun 12;20(6):e0318466. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0318466. eCollection 2025.
Seldom-heard' groups do not experience equitable access, engagement, or benefits from health services and are often underrepresented in research.
This paper presents a critical interpretive synthesis (CIS) of the literature. The included articles were those published between 2000 and 2024 in PubMed and Web of Science that focused on the recruitment and engagement of 'seldom-heard', 'hard-to-reach', or 'disadvantaged' groups in Europe. Purposive samples of articles followed a flexible and iterative review. Analysis and synthesis focused on identifying "synthetic constructs" or overarching themes, which informed the development of a "synthesizing argument" regarding recruitment and engagement strategies for seldom-heard groups. The presented paper focuses on the "synthetic constructs", whereas the "synthetic argument" will be described in a subsequent paper.
Of the 7601 articles identified, 23 were included. The analysis revealed four synthetic constructs: 1) the complexity of labels and identity, 2) the impact of labels on recruitment, 3) strategies to address recruitment challenges, and 4) the broader effects of these strategies on research and researchers.
Effective recruitment of seldom heard groups requires lengthy, careful planning, relationship-building, and an understanding of their unique perspectives. In doing so, researchers can contribute to reducing health inequalities and amplifying the voices of underrepresented populations.
“罕有发声”群体无法平等地获得医疗服务、参与其中或从中受益，并且在研究中往往代表性不足。
本文对文献进行了批判性解释性综合分析（CIS）。纳入的文章是2000年至2024年期间发表在PubMed和科学网（Web of Science）上的，聚焦于欧洲“罕有发声”、“难以接触”或“弱势”群体的招募与参与情况。文章的目的抽样遵循灵活且迭代的审查方式。分析与综合聚焦于识别“综合架构”或总体主题，这些主题为关于罕有发声群体招募与参与策略的“综合论点”的形成提供了依据。本文聚焦于“综合架构”，而“综合论点”将在后续论文中阐述。
在识别出的7601篇文章中，有23篇被纳入。分析揭示了四个综合架构：1）标签与身份的复杂性，2）标签对招募的影响，3）应对招募挑战的策略，4）这些策略对研究及研究人员的更广泛影响。
有效招募罕有发声群体需要进行长期、细致的规划，建立关系，并理解他们独特的观点。通过这样做，研究人员可以为减少健康不平等以及放大代表性不足人群的声音做出贡献。
