Kaz Andrew M, Venu Nanda
GI Section, Hospital and Specialty Medicine, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA 98108, USA.
Department of Medicine/Gastroenterology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2025 May 22;15(11):1303. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics15111303.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) refers to a chronic inflammatory condition involving the GI tract that includes Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). These conditions are believed to arise in genetically predisposed individuals who develop an exaggerated immune response to the intestinal microbiota. A timely and accurate diagnosis of IBD is essential because diagnostic delays can result in intestinal damage that is irreversible, leading in some cases to intestinal dysfunction and the need for surgery. Diagnostic delays are common in cases when GI symptoms are mild and nonspecific. When IBD is suspected, the common diagnostic algorithm includes laboratory analyses, cross-sectional radiologic imaging, and endoscopy with biopsy and histological analysis. Other diagnostic biomarkers, including those found in the serum, stool, and urine, have also been evaluated in IBD. Newer artificial intelligence (AI)-based technologies are now being developed, and these will likely play an important future role in the diagnosis and management of IBD.
炎症性肠病（IBD）是一种涉及胃肠道的慢性炎症性疾病，包括克罗恩病（CD）和溃疡性结肠炎（UC）。这些疾病被认为发生在对肠道微生物群产生过度免疫反应的遗传易感性个体中。及时准确地诊断IBD至关重要，因为诊断延迟会导致不可逆转的肠道损伤，在某些情况下会导致肠道功能障碍并需要手术。当胃肠道症状轻微且不具特异性时，诊断延迟很常见。当怀疑患有IBD时，常见的诊断算法包括实验室分析、横断面放射影像学检查以及活检和组织学分析的内镜检查。其他诊断生物标志物，包括血清、粪便和尿液中的生物标志物，也已在IBD中进行了评估。基于人工智能（AI）的新技术正在开发中，这些技术可能在IBD的诊断和管理中发挥重要的未来作用。
