Quevedo-Abeledo Juan C, Gómez-Bernal Fuensanta, García-González María, Hernández-Díaz Marta, Almeida-Santiago Cristina, Abreu-González Pedro, Martín-González Candelaria, González-Gay Miguel Á, Ferraz-Amaro Iván
Division of Rheumatology, Hospital Doctor Negrín, 35010 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
Division of Central Laboratory, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, 38320 Tenerife, Spain.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2025 May 25;15(11):1325. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics15111325.
3-Nitrotyrosine (3-NT) is a byproduct of tyrosine nitration, mediated by reactive nitrogen species such as peroxynitrite and nitrogen dioxide. It serves as a marker of cellular damage, inflammation, and nitric oxide activity. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a complex autoimmune disease characterized by systemic involvement and increased oxidative stress. In RA patients, cardiovascular disease has emerged as the leading cause of mortality. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum 3-NT levels and various disease characteristics in RA patients, with a particular focus on cardiovascular comorbidities. A total of 168 RA patients were recruited. They underwent comprehensive evaluations, including disease-related characteristics and disease activity indices. Furthermore, a comprehensive lipid panel, measures of insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome criteria, and carotid ultrasound to evaluate intima-media thickness and the presence of carotid plaques were conducted. 3-NT serum levels were measured. A multivariable linear regression analysis was performed to examine the associations between the disease characteristics and 3-NT. After multivariable analysis, C-reactive protein was independently associated with higher serum levels of 3-NT. In contrast, disease characteristics and Disease Activity Score 28-joint count (DAS28) calculated using C-reactive protein or erythrocyte sedimentation rate, showed no significant association with 3-NT levels. Likewise, cardiovascular comorbidities, including lipid profiles, insulin resistance indices, metabolic syndrome, and markers of subclinical atherosclerosis did not demonstrate any significant relationship with 3-NT levels. While 3-NT levels are influenced by inflammation, they do not appear to be strongly associated with disease characteristics, cardiovascular risk, or disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs in RA patients. This emphasizes the complexity of oxidative stress in RA.
3-硝基酪氨酸（3-NT）是酪氨酸硝化作用的副产物，由诸如过氧亚硝酸盐和二氧化氮等活性氮物质介导。它可作为细胞损伤、炎症和一氧化氮活性的标志物。类风湿关节炎（RA）是一种复杂的自身免疫性疾病，其特征为全身受累以及氧化应激增加。在RA患者中，心血管疾病已成为主要的死亡原因。本研究旨在调查RA患者血清3-NT水平与各种疾病特征之间的关系，尤其关注心血管合并症。共招募了168例RA患者。他们接受了全面评估，包括疾病相关特征和疾病活动指数。此外，还进行了全面的血脂检测、胰岛素抵抗测量、代谢综合征标准评估以及颈动脉超声检查以评估内膜中层厚度和颈动脉斑块的存在情况。检测了3-NT血清水平。进行多变量线性回归分析以检查疾病特征与3-NT之间的关联。多变量分析后，C反应蛋白与较高的血清3-NT水平独立相关。相比之下，使用C反应蛋白或红细胞沉降率计算的疾病特征和疾病活动评分28关节计数（DAS28）与3-NT水平无显著关联。同样，心血管合并症，包括血脂谱、胰岛素抵抗指数、代谢综合征和亚临床动脉粥样硬化标志物与3-NT水平均无显著关系。虽然3-NT水平受炎症影响，但在RA患者中，它们似乎与疾病特征、心血管风险或改善病情抗风湿药物无强烈关联。这强调了RA中氧化应激的复杂性。
